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The optimal transition to a stationary population for concentrated vitality rates

Author

Listed:
  • Gustav Feichtinger

    (Vienna Institute of Demography (Austrian Academy of Sciences))

  • Stefan Wrzaczek

    (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA))

Abstract

Background: Several countries nowadays and in the past face a birth rates below replacement level. To what extent should the fertility of this shrinking population be increased during a given planning period such that it approaches stationarity at the end as close as possible? Both immediate adaptation to the replacement level as well as delaying it to the end of the planning period are suboptimal. Methods: Distributed parameter optimal control theory provides an appropriate tool to ascertain the efficient intertemporal trade-off between costly birth control and zero population growth. Results: It turns out that the optimal adaptation rate of the net reproduction rate (NRR) balances between unacceptable adjustment costs for fertility and huge deviations of the terminal age composition from the desired stationary one. The optimal adaptation rate is monotonically increasing with a curvature that depends on the growth rates of the NRR, the fertile population, and the value of newborns. Contribution: The paper analytically characterizes the shape of the transition to a stationary population in an optimal way.

Suggested Citation

  • Gustav Feichtinger & Stefan Wrzaczek, 2024. "The optimal transition to a stationary population for concentrated vitality rates," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 50(6), pages 171-184.
    • Handle: RePEc:dem:demres:v:50:y:2024:i:6
    DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.2024.50.6
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nathan Keyfitz, 1971. "On the momentum of population growth," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 8(1), pages 71-80, February.
    2. Feichtinger, Gustav & Wrzaczek, Stefan, 2024. "The optimal momentum of population growth and decline," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 51-66.
    3. Gustav Feichtinger & Michael Kuhn & Alexia Prskawetz & Stefan Wrzaczek, 2011. "The reproductive value as part of the shadow price of population," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 24(28), pages 709-718.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    stationary population; age-structured optimal control theory; adaptation of net reproduction rate; transitional path;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J1 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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