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An integrated approach to cause-of-death analysis: cause-deleted life tables and decompositions of life expectancy

Author

Listed:
  • Hiram Beltran-Sanchez

    (University of California, Los Angeles)

  • Samuel Preston

    (University of Pennsylvania)

  • Vladimir Canudas-Romo

    (Australian National University)

Abstract

This article integrates two methods that analyze the implications of various causes of death for life expectancy. One of the methods attributes changes in life expectancy to various causes of death; the other method examines the effect of removing deaths from a particular cause on life expectancy. This integration is accomplished by new formulas that make clearer the interactions among causes of death in determining life expectancy. We apply our approach to changes in life expectancy in the United States between 1970 and 2000. We demonstrate, and explain analytically, the paradox that cancer is responsible for more years of life lost in 2000 than in 1970 despite the fact that declines in cancer mortality contributed to advances in life expectancy between 1970 and 2000.

Suggested Citation

  • Hiram Beltran-Sanchez & Samuel Preston & Vladimir Canudas-Romo, 2008. "An integrated approach to cause-of-death analysis: cause-deleted life tables and decompositions of life expectancy," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 19(35), pages 1323-1350.
    • Handle: RePEc:dem:demres:v:19:y:2008:i:35
    DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.2008.19.35
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Evgeny M. Andreev & Vladimir Shkolnikov & Alexander Begun, 2002. "Algorithm for decomposition of differences between aggregate demographic measures and its application to life expectancies, healthy life expectancies, parity-progression ratios and total fertility rat," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 7(14), pages 499-522.
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    4. Evgeny M. Andreev & Vladimir M. Shkolnikov & Alexander Z. Begun, 2002. "Algorithm for decomposition of differences between aggregate demographic measures and its application to life expectancies, Gini coefficients, health expectancies, parity-progression ratios and total ," MPIDR Working Papers WP-2002-035, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany.
    5. Eduardo Arriaga, 1984. "Measuring and explaining the change in life expectancies," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 21(1), pages 83-96, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Karina Acosta-Ordoñez & Julio E. Romero-Prieto, 2017. "Cambios recientes en las principales causas de mortalidad en Colombia," Chapters, in: Jaime Bonet & Karelys Guzmán-Finol & Lucas Wilfried Hahn-De-Castro (ed.), La salud en Colombia: una perspectiva regional, chapter 4, pages 79-119, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    2. Claudia Nau & Glenn Firebaugh, 2012. "A New Method for Determining Why Length of Life is More Unequal in Some Populations Than in Others," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 49(4), pages 1207-1230, November.
    3. Akushevich, I. & Yashkin, A. & Kovtun, M. & Stallard, E. & Yashin, A.I. & Kravchenko, J., 2023. "Decomposition of disparities in life expectancy with applications to administrative health claims and registry data," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 50-68.
    4. Mühlichen, Michael & Lerch, Mathias & Sauerberg, Markus & Grigoriev, Pavel, 2023. "Different health systems – Different mortality outcomes? Regional disparities in avoidable mortality across German-speaking Europe, 1992–2019," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 329(C).
    5. Viorela Diaconu & Nadine Ouellette & Carlo Giovanni Camarda & Robert Bourbeau, 2016. "Insight on 'typical' longevity: An analysis of the modal lifespan by leading causes of death in Canada," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 35(17), pages 471-504.
    6. Julio E. Romero-Prieto, 2016. "Aspectos socioeconómicos de la mortalidad en el Pacífico colombiano," Revista Economía y Región, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, vol. 10(2), pages 75-124, December.
    7. Schnittker, Jason & Karandinos, George, 2010. "Methuselah's medicine: Pharmaceutical innovation and mortality in the United States, 1960-2000," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(7), pages 961-968, April.
    8. Yang, Seungmi & Khang, Young-Ho & Chun, Heeran & Harper, Sam & Lynch, John, 2012. "The changing gender differences in life expectancy in Korea 1970–2005," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(7), pages 1280-1287.
    9. Danan Gu & Patrick Gerland & Kirill F. Andreev & Nan Li & Thomas Spoorenberg & Gerhard Heilig, 2013. "Old age mortality in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 29(38), pages 999-1038.
    10. Marie-Pier Bergeron-Boucher & Jim Oeppen & Niels Vilstrup Holm & Hanne Melgaard Nielsen & Rune Lindahl-Jacobsen & Maarten Jan Wensink, 2019. "Understanding Differences in Cancer Survival between Populations: A New Approach and Application to Breast Cancer Survival Differentials between Danish Regions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-16, August.
    11. Jessica Y. Ho, 2017. "The Contribution of Drug Overdose to Educational Gradients in Life Expectancy in the United States, 1992–2011," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 54(3), pages 1175-1202, June.
    12. Glenn Firebaugh & Francesco Acciai & Aggie Noah & Christopher J Prather & Claudia Nau, 2014. "Why the racial gap in life expectancy is declining in the United States," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 31(32), pages 975-1006.
    13. Hauer, Mathew & Santos-Lozada, Alexis R, 2017. "Inaction on climate change projected to reduce European life expectancy," SocArXiv ngtxr, Center for Open Science.
    14. Marie-Pier Bergeron-Boucher & Marcus Ebeling & Vladimir Canudas-Romo, 2015. "Decomposing changes in life expectancy: Compression versus shifting mortality," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 33(14), pages 391-424.
    15. Per Kragh Andersen & Vladimir Canudas-Romo & Niels Keiding, 2013. "Cause-specific measures of life years lost," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 29(41), pages 1127-1152.
    16. Mathew E. Hauer & Alexis R. Santos-Lozada, 2021. "Inaction on Climate Change Projected to Reduce European Life Expectancy," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 40(3), pages 629-638, June.
    17. Dmitri A. Jdanov & Vladimir M. Shkolnikov, 2014. "Assessment of cross-sectional and longitudinal components of a difference with an algorithm of contour replacement," MPIDR Working Papers WP-2014-010, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany.
    18. Glenn Firebaugh & Francesco Acciai & Aggie Noah & Christopher Prather & Claudia Nau, 2014. "Why Lifespans Are More Variable Among Blacks Than Among Whites in the United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 51(6), pages 2025-2045, December.
    19. Beltrán-Sánchez, Hiram & Soneji, Samir, 2011. "A unifying framework for assessing changes in life expectancy associated with changes in mortality: The case of violent deaths," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 80(1), pages 38-48.
    20. Irma Elo & Hiram Beltrán-Sánchez & James Macinko, 2014. "The Contribution of Health Care and Other Interventions to Black–White Disparities in Life Expectancy, 1980–2007," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 33(1), pages 97-126, February.
    21. Siegfried Geyer & Sveja Eberhard & Bernhard Magnus W Schmidt & Jelena Epping & Juliane Tetzlaff, 2018. "Morbidity compression in myocardial infarction 2006 to 2015 in terms of changing rates and age at occurrence: A longitudinal study using claims data from Germany," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(8), pages 1-19, August.
    22. Jose Manuel Aburto & Jesús-Adrián Alvarez & Francisco Villavicencio & James W. Vaupel, 2019. "The threshold age of the lifetable entropy," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 41(4), pages 83-102.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    mortality; life expectancy; life tables; morbidity; cause of death; demography; decomposition;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J1 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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