An Economic and Econometric Comparative Study of Some Local Wheat Varieties with Imported Ones Planted in Salah al-Din Governorate for the Agricultural Season 2022/2023 (Tikrit District - an Applied Model)

The study aimed primarily to measure the impact of using varietal technology on increasing the productivity of a dunum of wheat for the agricultural season 2022/2023, by studying the productivity and profitability indicators of the wheat crop, including analyzing the reality of the costs of producing the wheat crop, Determining the amount of increase in production through the use of high-yielding (imported) varieties to replace low-yielding (local) varieties, as well as the amount of total returns and net profit, in addition to estimating the production function for local wheat varieties and imported wheat varieties, In collecting its data, the research relied on a random sample of wheat farmers in Salah al-Din Governorate/Tikrit District, consisting of 80 farms for local wheat farmers and (60) farms for imported wheat farmers. The results of the research showed that the average production per dunum of imported wheat for the studied varieties was around (1167.25). Kg and the average production per dunum of local wheat for the studied varieties is approximately (770.83) kg, While the average total return per dunum in local wheat was around (655,203.6) dinars/dunum, and in imported wheat, it was around (992,162.5) dinars/dunum. As for the average net profit per dunum, it was around (310,567.9) dinars/dunum for local varieties and around (547,781.1) dinars/dunum for varieties. imported, the research results also showed that the estimated production function for local wheat varieties and imported varieties to the total capacity returns are (0.576, 0.805) respectively, and this indicates decreasing capacity returns, which means that increasing the use of production resources by 1% leads to an increase in wheat production for the varieties. local by (0.576) and to increase wheat production for imported varieties by (0.805), And all producers work in the second stage of the production stages of the law of diminishing returns, which is the rational production area. Therefore, the study recommends working to improve and develop the quality of local seeds, and this is done through selection and hybridization processes, because most of the local varieties have deteriorated due to neglect and lack of care for them by farmers.