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Height And Inequality In Spain: A Long-Term Perspective

Author

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  • Cámara, Antonio D.
  • Martínez-Carrión, José Miguel
  • Puche, Javier
  • Ramon-Muñoz, Josep-Maria

Abstract

This article analyses the evolution of nutritional inequality in Spain among cohorts born between 1840 and 1964. With male height data (N = 358,253), the secular trend of biological well-being and intergenerational anthropometric inequalities are studied based on the coefficient of variation, height percentiles and socioeconomic categories (students, literate non-students and illiterate). The results reveal that the nutritional inequalities were very large in the mid-19th century. Anthropometric inequalities diminished among those born between 1880 and 1919 and increased again, although only moderately, from the cohorts of the 1920s. From the 1930s there was a cycle of sustained increase in height. Despite nutritional improvement, the data suggest that nutritional inequalities increased during the Franco regime, affecting the low-income population segments particularly.

Suggested Citation

  • Cámara, Antonio D. & Martínez-Carrión, José Miguel & Puche, Javier & Ramon-Muñoz, Josep-Maria, 2019. "Height And Inequality In Spain: A Long-Term Perspective," Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 37(2), pages 205-238, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:reveco:v:37:y:2019:i:02:p:205-238_00
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    Cited by:

    1. Baten, Joerg & Llorca-Jaña, Manuel, 2021. "Inequality, low-intensity immigration and human capital formation in the regions of Chile, 1820-1939," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 43(C).
    2. Francisco J. Marco-Gracia & Javier Puche, 2020. "Did taller people live longer? Influence of height on life span in rural Spain, 1835-2019," Working Papers 0201, European Historical Economics Society (EHES).
    3. Cámara, Antonio D. & Puche, Javier & Martínez-Carrión, José Miguel, 2021. "Assessing the effects of autarchic policies on the biological well-being: Analysis of deviations in cohort male height in the Valencian Community (Spain) during Francoist regime," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    4. Marco-Gracia, Francisco J. & Puche, Javier, 2021. "The association between male height and lifespan in rural Spain, birth cohorts 1835-1939," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 43(C).
    5. Marco-Gracia, Francisco J. & González-Esteban, Ángel Luis, 2021. "Did parental care in early life affect height? Evidence from rural Spain (19th-20th centuries)," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 287(C).
    6. Moreno- Lázaro, Javier, 2023. "Height and standard of living in Puerto Rico from the Spanish enlightenment to annexation by the United States, 1770–1924," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 49(C).
    7. Linares-Luján, Antonio M. & Parejo-Moruno, Francisco M., 2022. "Short men in poor lands: The agrarian workers from southwestern Spain in anthropometric perspective," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 47(C).
    8. Sanchez Alonso, Blanca, 2023. "Losing height: measuring the regional loss of human capital from the Republican exile to Mexico," IFCS - Working Papers in Economic History.WH 36345, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Instituto Figuerola.
    9. Santiago-Caballero, Carlos, 2021. "The gender gap in the biological living standard in Spain. A study based on the heights of an elite migration to Mexico, 1840-1930," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 41(C).
    10. Candela-Martínez, Begoña & Ramallo-Ros, Salvador & Cañabate, José & Martínez-Carrión, José-Miguel, 2022. "Month of birth and height. A case study in rural Spain," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 47(C).
    11. Sanchez Alonso, Blanca & Santiago Caballero, Carlos, 2023. "Losing height: measuring the regional loss of human capital from the Republican exile to Mexico," DES - Working Papers. Statistics and Econometrics. WS 36345, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Estadística.

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