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Fixed Rate Loan Commitments, Take-Down Risk, and the Dynamics of Hedging with Futures

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  • Ho, Thomas S. Y.
  • Saunders, Anthony

Abstract

This paper develops a normative model to analyze the hedging and fee-pricing decisions of a financial institution supplying fixed rate loan commitments to its customers. In supplying fixed rate loan commitments, the financial institution (hereafter referred to as “bank”) is assumed to act as an agent that transforms commitment risk through the use of financial futures contracts. While most previous loan commitment models have analyzed the interest rate (or price) risk the bank faces in supplying fixed rate loan commitments, they either have ignored or assumed away the loan take-down (or quantity) risk.

Suggested Citation

  • Ho, Thomas S. Y. & Saunders, Anthony, 1983. "Fixed Rate Loan Commitments, Take-Down Risk, and the Dynamics of Hedging with Futures," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 18(4), pages 499-516, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:jfinqa:v:18:y:1983:i:04:p:499-516_02
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    Cited by:

    1. Wittenberg-Moerman, Regina, 2008. "The role of information asymmetry and financial reporting quality in debt trading: Evidence from the secondary loan market," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(2-3), pages 240-260, December.
    2. Darrell Duffie & Cooperman Harry & Stephan Luck & Zachry Wang & Yilin Yang, 2022. "Bank Funding Risk, Reference Rates, and Credit Supply," Staff Reports 1042, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    3. George Emir Morgan & Stephen D. Smith, 1987. "The Role Of Capital Adequacy Regulation In The Hedging Decisions Of Financial Intermediaries," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 10(1), pages 33-46, March.
    4. Chateau, Jean-Pierre D., 2011. "Contribution à la réglementation de Bâle-3 : de la consistance interne du continuum du crédit commercial en marquant à la « valeur de modèle » le risque de crédit des engagements de crédit," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 87(4), pages 445-479, décembre.
    5. Khaled Amira & Mark L. Muzere, 2018. "Collateral and Yield Spread of Syndicated Loans," Accounting and Finance Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 7(3), pages 180-180, August.
    6. Thakor, Anjan V. & Udell, Gregory F., 1987. "An economic rationale for the pricing structure of bank loan commitments," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 11(2), pages 271-289, June.
    7. Angbazo, Lazarus A. & Mei, Jianping & Saunders, Anthony, 1998. "Credit spreads in the market for highly leveraged transaction loans," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 22(10-11), pages 1249-1282, October.
    8. Tobias Berg & Anthony Saunders & Sascha Steffen, 2016. "The Total Cost of Corporate Borrowing in the Loan Market: Don't Ignore the Fees," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 71(3), pages 1357-1392, June.
    9. Berg, Tobias & Saunders, Anthony & Steffen, Sascha, 2015. "The Total Costs of Corporate Borrowing in the Loan Market: Don’t Ignore the Fees," Discussion Paper Series of SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems 489, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich.
    10. Chava, Sudheer & Jarrow, Robert, 2008. "Modeling loan commitments," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 5(1), pages 11-20, March.
    11. Stuart I. Greenbaum & Itzhak Venezia, 1985. "Partial Exercise Of Loan Commitments Under Adaptive Pricing," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 8(4), pages 251-263, December.
    12. Chateau, J.-P. & Wu, J., 2007. "Basel-2 capital adequacy: Computing the `fair' capital charge for loan commitment `true' credit risk," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 16(1), pages 1-21.
    13. Chung Baek & Jongwook Reem & Thomas Jackman, 2011. "Bank loan commitments and Material Adverse Change clause," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 35(3), pages 361-369, July.
    14. Duran, Miguel A., 2022. "The risk–return relation in the corporate loan market," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    15. Chateau, John-Peter D., 2009. "Marking-to-model credit and operational risks of loan commitments: A Basel-2 advanced internal ratings-based approach," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 18(5), pages 260-270, December.
    16. Bouwman, Christa H. S., 2013. "Liquidity: How Banks Create It and How It Should Be Regulated," Working Papers 13-32, University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School, Weiss Center.
    17. Chateau, John-Peter D., 2007. "Beyond Basel-2 simplified standardized approach: Credit risk valuation of short-term loan commitments," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 412-433.
    18. Stanhouse, Bryan & Schwarzkopf, Al & Ingram, Matt, 2011. "A computational approach to pricing a bank credit line," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(6), pages 1341-1351, June.
    19. Chateau, J. -P. & Dufresne, D., 2002. "The stochastic-volatility American put option of banks' credit line commitments:: Valuation and policy implications," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 11(2), pages 159-181.

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