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Immigration, Exclusion, and Taxation: Anti-Chinese Legislation in Gold Rush California

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  • KANAZAWA, MARK

Abstract

Historical scholarship on the politics of nineteenth-century Chinese immigration emphasizes the interests of labor and management in the genesis of congressional legislation in 1882 that limited Chinese immigration into the United States. This article examines early state attempts at the exclusion of Chinese workers after the first major wave of Chinese immigration during the California Gold Rush. Opposition to exclusion occurred in California in the early 1850s because Chinese immigrants were important taxpayers when both the state and localities were experiencing major fiscal difficulties. State attempts to legislate exclusion were successful only after financial conditions improved in the late 1850s.

Suggested Citation

  • Kanazawa, Mark, 2005. "Immigration, Exclusion, and Taxation: Anti-Chinese Legislation in Gold Rush California," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 65(3), pages 779-805, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:jechis:v:65:y:2005:i:03:p:779-805_00
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    Cited by:

    1. Xu, Dafeng, 2020. "The effects of immigration restriction laws on immigrant segregation in the early twentieth century U.S," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(2), pages 422-447.
    2. Jakub Lonsky & Isabel Ruiz & Carlos Vargas-Silva, 2022. "Trade Networks, Heroin Markets, and the Labor Market Outcomes of Vietnam Veterans," Working Papers 202203, University of Liverpool, Department of Economics.
    3. Rachel Humphris, 2022. "Legacies of British Imperialism in the Contemporary UK Asylum–Welfare Nexus," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-13, September.
    4. Vincent Geloso & Linan Peng, 2024. "Postbellum electoral politics in California and the genesis of the Chinese exclusion act of 1882," European Journal of Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 57(3), pages 403-434, June.
    5. Chen, Shuo & Xie, Bin, 2020. "Institutional Discrimination and Assimilation: Evidence from the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882," IZA Discussion Papers 13647, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Lonsky, Jakub & Ruiz, Isabel & Vargas-Silva, Carlos, 2022. "Trade networks, heroin markets, and the labor market outcomes of Vietnam veterans," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    7. Luis Felipe Zegarra, 2020. "Living Costs and Real Wages in Nineteenth Century Lima: Levels and International Comparisons," Australian Economic History Review, Economic History Society of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 60(2), pages 186-219, July.
    8. Richard W. England, 2010. "Ricardo, Gold, and Rails: Discovering the Origins of Progress and Poverty," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 69(4), pages 1279-1293, October.

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