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Energy Use in U.S. Agriculture: Early Adjustment to the 1973-74 Price Shock

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  • Gowdy, John M.
  • Miller, Jack L.
  • Kherbachi, Hamid

Abstract

Using input-output tables for 1972 and 1977 we examine direct and indirect energy use in the production of fourteen U.S. agricultural products. We find that between 1972 and 1977 energy use increased in absolute terms but decreased in terms of Btus required per dollar of output. Although this trend is encouraging in terms of the long-run ability of U.S. agriculture to adjust to higher energy prices, the following caveats should be mentioned; (1) a large part of the decrease in primary energy intensity is attributable to one sector, meat animals, (2) there was a substantial increase in electricity intensity in almost all sectors, and (3) there was an increase in the use of energy embodied in fertilizers and agricultural chemicals in the very important food grain and feed sectors.

Suggested Citation

  • Gowdy, John M. & Miller, Jack L. & Kherbachi, Hamid, 1987. "Energy Use in U.S. Agriculture: Early Adjustment to the 1973-74 Price Shock," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 19(2), pages 33-42, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:jagaec:v:19:y:1987:i:02:p:33-42_02
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Richard M. Adams & Gordon A. King & Warren E. Johnston, 1977. "Effects of Energy Cost Increases and Regional Allocation Policies on Agricultural Production," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 59(3), pages 444-455.
    2. Hannon, Bruce & Blazeck, Thomas & Kennedy, Douglas & Illyes, Robert, 1983. "A comparison of energy intensities : 1963, 1967 and 1972," Resources and Energy, Elsevier, vol. 5(1), pages 83-102, March.
    3. Ruth J. Maddigan & Colleen Gallagher Rizy & Wen S. Chern, 1982. "The Irrigation Demand for Electricity," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 64(4), pages 673-680.
    4. Robert D. Weaver, 1983. "Multiple Input, Multiple Output Production Choices and Technology in the U.S. Wheat Region," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 65(1), pages 45-56.
    5. Gowdy, John M., 1983. "Industrial demand for natural gas : Inter-industry variation in New York state," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 5(3), pages 171-177, July.
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    1. Musser, Wesley N. & Lambert, Dayton M. & Daberkow, Stan G., 2006. "Factors Affecting Direct and Indirect Energy Use in U.S. Corn Production," 2006 Annual meeting, July 23-26, Long Beach, CA 21063, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    2. Swanton, Clarence J. & Murphy, Stephen D. & Hume, David J. & Clements, David R., 1996. "Recent improvements in the energy efficiency of agriculture: Case studies from Ontario, Canada," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 52(4), pages 399-418, December.
    3. Konyar, Kazim & Howitt, Richard E., 2000. "The Cost Of The Kyoto Protocol To U.S. Crop Production: Measuring Crop Price, Regional Acreage, Welfare, And Input Substitution Effects," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 25(2), pages 1-21, December.

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