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Beyond the enemy image and spiral model: cognitive–strategic research after the cold war

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  • Herrmann, Richard K.
  • Fischerkeller, Michael P.

Abstract

Systemic theories of international politics are inadequate for explaining particular states' policies, and some neorealists reach for supplementary foreign-policy-level concepts. Yet these studies almost never provide the empirical evidence required by their motivational constructs. Available psychological studies rely too heavily on notions peculiar to the cold war—such as the image of the enemy. A new theory proposes four additional ideal-type images. Each image is likely to lead to a specified set of strategic behaviors. An application to dyadic relations across the Persian Gulf from 1977 through 1990 suggests that this theory can help account for otherwise puzzling behavior, and it illustrates a promising route toward a more sensitive interactionist international relations theory suited both to the former superpower relationship and to diverse others.

Suggested Citation

  • Herrmann, Richard K. & Fischerkeller, Michael P., 1995. "Beyond the enemy image and spiral model: cognitive–strategic research after the cold war," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 49(3), pages 415-450, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:cup:intorg:v:49:y:1995:i:03:p:415-450_03
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    Cited by:

    1. Elgström, Ole, 2008. "Images of the EU in EPA negotiations: Angel, demon - or just human?," European Integration online Papers (EIoP), European Community Studies Association Austria (ECSA-A), vol. 12, December.
    2. Matúš Mišík, 2013. "How can perception help us to understand the dynamic between EU member states? The state of the art," Asia Europe Journal, Springer, vol. 11(4), pages 445-463, December.
    3. Luis N. Zúñiga-Morales & Jorge Ángel González-Ordiano & J. Emilio Quiroz-Ibarra & César Villanueva Rivas, 2024. "Machine learning framework for country image analysis," Journal of Computational Social Science, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 523-547, April.
    4. Keren Yarhi-Milo & Joshua D. Kertzer & Jonathan Renshon, 2018. "Tying Hands, Sinking Costs, and Leader Attributes," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 62(10), pages 2150-2179, November.
    5. Allan, Bentley & Vucetic, Srdjan & Hopf, Ted, 2017. "The Distribution of Identity and the Future of International Order: China’s Hegemonic Prospects," SocArXiv f8hwe, Center for Open Science.

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