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A meta-analysis of FDI and environmental regulations

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  • Rezza, Alief A.

Abstract

Previous authors have been unable to agree on whether environmental regulations hinder foreign direct investment (FDI). The empirical evidence in this domain remains inconclusive because of the contrasting results observed in the literature, owing to the differing characteristics of the data sets and models used in previous studies. The present study carries out a meta-analysis on a sample of published and unpublished papers on the so-called pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) in order to investigate whether certain aspects of research design affect the presented findings. The paper offers explanations for the mixed findings reported in the literature by suggesting that certain aspects of research design are crucial to explaining their significance. The PHH is more likely to be supported by studies that define FDI as the establishment of new plants and those that use government spending as a proxy for the strictness of environmental regulations. Moreover, focusing investigations on pollution-intensive industries or developing countries hardly increases the likelihood of achieving results that support the PHH.

Suggested Citation

  • Rezza, Alief A., 2015. "A meta-analysis of FDI and environmental regulations," Environment and Development Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 20(2), pages 185-208, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:endeec:v:20:y:2015:i:02:p:185-208_00
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    Cited by:

    1. Candau, Fabien & Dienesch, Elisa, 2017. "Pollution Haven and Corruption Paradise," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 171-192.
    2. Sylwia Bialek & Alfons J. Weichenrieder, 2021. "Do Stringent Environmental Policies Deter FDI? M&A versus Greenfield," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 80(3), pages 603-636, November.
    3. Panikos Georgallis & João Albino-Pimentel & Nina Kondratenko, 2021. "Jurisdiction shopping and foreign location choice: The role of market and nonmarket experience in the European solar energy industry," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 52(5), pages 853-877, July.
    4. Saussay, Aurelien & Sato, Misato, 2024. "The impact of energy prices on industrial investment location: evidence from global firm level data," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 123034, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    5. Zhao, Xiaomeng & Liu, Chuanjiang & Sun, Chuanwang & Yang, Mian, 2020. "Does stringent environmental regulation lead to a carbon haven effect? Evidence from carbon-intensive industries in China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    6. Kharb, Ravita & Suneja, Vivek & Aggarwal, Shalini & Singh, Pragati & Shahzad, Umer & Saini, Neha & Kumar, Dinesh, 2024. "The relationship between investment determinants and environmental sustainability: Evidence through meta-analysis," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 267-280.
    7. Luigi Lannutti, 0000. "The role of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) regulations in attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)," Proceedings of International Academic Conferences 14216212, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences.
    8. Flladina Zilja & Gilbert Kofi Adarkwah & Christopher Albert Sabel, 2022. "Do Environmental Policies Affect MNEs’ Foreign Subsidiary Investments? An Empirical Investigation," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 62(1), pages 53-102, February.
    9. Chun, Wootae & Wang, Zhan & Gon Kim, Hyun, 2024. "Do environmental regulations drive MNEs’ equity ownership? Considering the impact of exogenous shocks on MNEs’ cross-border acquisitions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    10. Bazillier, Rémi & Hatte, Sophie & Vauday, Julien, 2017. "Are environmentally responsible firms less vulnerable when investing abroad? The role of reputation," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(3), pages 520-543.
    11. Maoliang Bu & Marcus Wagner, 2016. "Racing to the bottom and racing to the top: The crucial role of firm characteristics in foreign direct investment choices," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 47(9), pages 1032-1057, December.
    12. Rémi BAZILLIER & Sophie HATTE & Julien VAUDAY, 2016. "Is Reputation at Stake When Environmentally Responsible Multinationals Invest Abroad? An Empirical Investigation," LEO Working Papers / DR LEO 2315, Orleans Economics Laboratory / Laboratoire d'Economie d'Orleans (LEO), University of Orleans.
    13. -, 2015. "Foreign Direct Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean 2015," La Inversión Extranjera Directa en América Latina y el Caribe, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), number 38215 edited by Eclac, May.
    14. Grégoire Garsous & Tomasz Kozluk, 2017. "Foreign Direct Investment and The Pollution Haven Hypothesis: Evidence from Listed Firms," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1379, OECD Publishing.
    15. Saussay, Aurélien & Sato, Misato, 2024. "The impact of energy prices on industrial investment location: Evidence from global firm level data," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    16. Candau, Fabien & Dienesch, Elisa, 2017. "Pollution Haven and Corruption Paradise," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 171-192.
    17. Cole, Matthew A. & Elliott, Robert J.R. & Okubo, Toshihiro & Zhang, Liyun, 2021. "Importing, outsourcing and pollution offshoring," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    18. Choi, Gunae, 2022. "Determinants of target location selection for acquirers in the manufacturing sector: Pollution intensity, policy enforcement, and civic environmentalism," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 308-324.
    19. Claire Brunel, 2017. "Pollution Offshoring and Emission Reductions in EU and US Manufacturing," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 68(3), pages 621-641, November.
    20. Mei Ren & Caihong Huang & Xiaomin Wang & Wei Hu & Wenxin Zhang, 2019. "Research on the Distribution of Pollution-Intensive Industries and Their Spatial Effects in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-20, September.
    21. Niranjan Chipalkatti & Quan Vu Le & Meenakshi Rishi, 2021. "Sustainability and Society: Do Environmental, Social, and Governance Factors Matter for Foreign Direct Investment?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-18, September.
    22. Matthew A. COLE & Robert R.J. ELLIOTT & OKUBO Toshihiro & Liyun ZHANG, 2017. "The Pollution Outsourcing Hypothesis: An empirical test for Japan," Discussion papers 17096, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).

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