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A Unified Approach to Generate Risk Measures

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  • Goovaerts, Marc J.
  • Kaas, Rob
  • Dhaene, Jan
  • Tang, Qihe

Abstract

The paper derives many existing risk measures and premium principles by minimizing a Markov bound for the tail probability. Our approach involves two exogenous functions v(S) and φ(S, π) and another exogenous parameter α ≤ 1. Minimizing a general Markov bound leads to the following unifying equation: E [φ (S, π)] = αE [v (S)]. For any random variable, the risk measure π is the solution to the unifying equation. By varying the functions φ and v, the paper derives the mean value principle, the zero-utility premium principle, the Swiss premium principle, Tail VaR, Yaari's dual theory of risk, mixture of Esscher principles and more. The paper also discusses combining two risks with super-additive properties and sub-additive properties. In addition, we recall some of the important characterization theorems of these risk measures.

Suggested Citation

  • Goovaerts, Marc J. & Kaas, Rob & Dhaene, Jan & Tang, Qihe, 2003. "A Unified Approach to Generate Risk Measures," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 33(2), pages 173-191, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:astinb:v:33:y:2003:i:02:p:173-191_01
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Kevin Dowd & David Blake, 2006. "After VaR: The Theory, Estimation, and Insurance Applications of Quantile‐Based Risk Measures," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 73(2), pages 193-229, June.
    2. Goovaerts, Marc J. & Kaas, Rob & Dhaene, Jan & Tang, Qihe, 2004. "Some new classes of consistent risk measures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 505-516, June.
    3. Goovaerts, Marc J. & Kaas, Rob & Laeven, Roger J.A., 2011. "Worst case risk measurement: Back to the future?," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(3), pages 380-392.
    4. Bellini, Fabio & Rosazza Gianin, Emanuela, 2008. "On Haezendonck risk measures," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(6), pages 986-994, June.
    5. Ahn, Jae Youn & Shyamalkumar, Nariankadu D., 2014. "Asymptotic theory for the empirical Haezendonck–Goovaerts risk measure," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 78-90.
    6. Rosazza Gianin, Emanuela, 2006. "Risk measures via g-expectations," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 19-34, August.
    7. Goovaerts, Marc & Linders, Daniël & Van Weert, Koen & Tank, Fatih, 2012. "On the interplay between distortion, mean value and Haezendonck–Goovaerts risk measures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(1), pages 10-18.
    8. Major, John A., 2018. "Distortion measures and homogeneous financial derivatives," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 82-91.
    9. Johannes Leitner, 2008. "Fair (intra-bank transfer) prices for credits with stochastic recovery," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 4(2), pages 243-253, March.
    10. Roberto Cominetti & Alfredo Torrico, 2016. "Additive Consistency of Risk Measures and Its Application to Risk-Averse Routing in Networks," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 41(4), pages 1510-1521, November.
    11. Goovaerts, Marc J. & Kaas, Rob & Laeven, Roger J.A. & Tang, Qihe, 2004. "A comonotonic image of independence for additive risk measures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 581-594, December.
    12. Claude Lefèvre & Stéphane Loisel, 2013. "On multiply monotone distributions, continuous or discrete, with applications," Post-Print hal-00750562, HAL.
    13. Stadje, Mitja, 2010. "Extending dynamic convex risk measures from discrete time to continuous time: A convergence approach," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(3), pages 391-404, December.

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