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The Realist Paradigm and Degenerative versus Progressive Research Programs: An Appraisal of Neotraditional Research on Waltz's Balancing Proposition

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  • Vasquez, John A.

Abstract

Several analysts argue that, despite anomalies, the realist paradigm is dominant because it is more fertile than its rivals. While the ability of the realist paradigm to reformulate its theories in light of criticism accounts for its persistence, it is argued that the proliferation of emendations exposes a degenerating tendency in the paradigm's research program. This article applies Lakatos's criterion that a series of related theories must produce problemshifts that are progressive rather than degenerating to appraise the adequacy of realist-based theories on the balancing of power advanced by neotraditionalists. This research program is seen as degenerating because of (1) the protean character of its theoretical development, (2) an unwillingness to specify what constitutes the true theory, which if falsified would lead to a rejection of the paradigm, (3) a continual adoption of auxiliary propositions to explain away flaws, and (4) a dearth of strong research findings.

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  • Vasquez, John A., 1997. "The Realist Paradigm and Degenerative versus Progressive Research Programs: An Appraisal of Neotraditional Research on Waltz's Balancing Proposition," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 91(4), pages 899-912, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:apsrev:v:91:y:1997:i:04:p:899-912_21
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    Cited by:

    1. Jeremy Garlick, 2016. "Not So Simple," China Report, , vol. 52(4), pages 284-305, November.
    2. Yong Soo Park, 2023. "An Appraisal of Power Balancing between India and China," International Journal of Social Science Studies, Redfame publishing, vol. 11(1), pages 39-49, January.
    3. Dr. Declan A. Amaraegbu, 2015. "Contextualising the Syrian Crisis against Realism and Security Competition in the 21st Century," Journal of Social Sciences (COES&RJ-JSS), , vol. 4(2), pages 795-811, April.
    4. Sean Bolks & Richard Stoll, 2003. "Examining Conflict Escalation Within the Civilizations Context," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 20(2), pages 85-109, September.
    5. David L. Rousseau, 2002. "Motivations for Choice," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 46(3), pages 394-426, June.
    6. T. Clifton Morgan & Glenn Palmer, 2000. "A Model of Foreign Policy Substitutability," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 44(1), pages 11-32, February.
    7. Jonathan M. DiCicco & Jack S. Levy, 1999. "Power Shifts and Problem Shifts," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 43(6), pages 675-704, December.
    8. Akan Malici, 2005. "Discord and Collaboration between Allies," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 49(1), pages 90-119, February.
    9. Anne Kokkonen & Pauli Alin, 2015. "Practice-based learning in construction projects: a literature review," Construction Management and Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(7), pages 513-530, July.
    10. Christopher Gelpi, 2017. "Democracies in Conflict," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 61(9), pages 1925-1949, October.
    11. Brittnee Carter, 2022. "Revisiting the Bandwagoning Hypothesis: A Statistical Analysis of the Alliance Dynamics of Small States," International Studies, , vol. 59(1), pages 7-27, January.

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