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Liquidity, Interest Rates and Output

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  • Shouyong Shi

    (University of Toronto
    Central University of Finance and Economics)

Abstract

This paper integrates monetary search theory with limited participation to analyze the liquidity effect of open market operations. The model features a centralized bonds market with limited participation and a decentralized goods market with random matches. In a fraction of matches, buyers can use unmatured bonds together with money to purchase goods. In other matches, a legal restriction forbids the use of bonds as the means of payments. In this economy, a shock to bond sales has two distinct liquidity effects. One is the immediate liquidity effect on the bond price and the nominal interest rate. The other is a liquidity effect in the goods market starting one period later, which arises as unmatured bonds facilitate trades. Thus, even independent shocks in the open market can have persistent effects on interest rates and real output. I establish the existence of the equilibrium and, with numerical examples, examine equilibrium properties.

Suggested Citation

  • Shouyong Shi, 2014. "Liquidity, Interest Rates and Output," Annals of Economics and Finance, Society for AEF, vol. 15(1), pages 53-95, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:cuf:journl:y:2014:v:15:i:1:shishouyong
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shi, Shouyong, 2008. "Efficiency improvement from restricting the liquidity of nominal bonds," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(6), pages 1025-1037, September.
    2. Ricardo Lagos & Randall Wright, 2005. "A Unified Framework for Monetary Theory and Policy Analysis," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 113(3), pages 463-484, June.
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    4. Shouyong Shi, 2001. "Liquidity, Bargaining, and Multiple Equilibria in a Search Monetary Model," Annals of Economics and Finance, Society for AEF, vol. 2(2), pages 325-351, November.
    5. Chari, V V & Christiano, Lawrence J & Eichenbaum, Martin, 1995. "Inside Money, Outside Money, and Short-Term Interest Rates," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 27(4), pages 1354-1386, November.
    6. Williamson, Stephen D., 2008. "Monetary policy and distribution," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(6), pages 1038-1053, September.
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    8. Wallace, Neil, 2001. "Whither Monetary Economics?," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 42(4), pages 847-869, November.
    9. Shi Shougong, 1995. "Money and Prices: A Model of Search and Bargaining," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 67(2), pages 467-496, December.
    10. Shouyong Shi, 2002. "Nominal Bonds and Interest Rates: The Case of One-Period Bonds," Working Papers shouyong-03-03, University of Toronto, Department of Economics.
    11. Lucas, Robert Jr., 1990. "Liquidity and interest rates," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 237-264, April.
    12. Stephen D. Williamson, 2006. "Search, Limited Participation, And Monetary Policy ," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 47(1), pages 107-128, February.
    13. Shouyong Shi, 2005. "Nominal Bonds And Interest Rates," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 46(2), pages 579-612, May.
    14. Fuerst, Timothy S., 1992. "Liquidity, loanable funds, and real activity," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 3-24, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Menzio, Guido & Shi, Shouyong & Sun, Hongfei, 2013. "A monetary theory with non-degenerate distributions," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 148(6), pages 2266-2312.
    2. Guillaume Rocheteau, 2008. "Money and competing assets under private information," Working Papers (Old Series) 0802, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
    3. Begona Dominguez & Pedro Gomis-Porqueras, 2019. "The effects of secondary markets for government bonds on inflation dynamics," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 32, pages 249-273, April.
    4. Stephen D. Williamson, 2005. "Limited participation and the neutrality of money," Economic Quarterly, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, vol. 91(Spr), pages 1-20.
    5. Rocheteau, Guillaume & Wright, Randall & Xiaolin Xiao, Sylvia, 2018. "Open market operations," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 114-128.
    6. Dominguez, Begona & Gomis-Porqueras, Pedro, 2016. "The Effects of Secondary Markets and Unsecured Credit on Inflation Dynamics," MPRA Paper 75096, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Johnson, Christopher, 2016. "Differences of Opinion, Liquidity, and Monetary Policy," MPRA Paper 70951, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Carli, Francesco & Gomis-Porqueras, Pedro, 2021. "Real consequences of open market operations: The role of limited commitment," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    9. Ed Nosal & Guillaume Rocheteau, 2006. "The economics of payments," Policy Discussion Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, issue Feb.
    10. Shouyong Shi, 2006. "A Microfoundation of Monetary Economics," Working Papers tecipa-211, University of Toronto, Department of Economics.
    11. Guillaume Rocheteau, 2009. "A monetary approach to asset liquidity," Working Papers (Old Series) 0901, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Liquidity; Interest rates; Money; Search;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E40 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - General
    • E50 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - General

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