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Oil discoveries and gender inequality

Author

Listed:
  • Anca M. GRECU

    (Department of Economics and Legal Studies, Seton Hall University, Stillman School of Business)

  • Edner BATAILLE

    (Department of Economics and Legal Studies, Seton Hall University, Stillman School of Business)

Abstract

Some studies suggest that resource-rich countries tend to allocate talent and investment toward the resource sector and away from manufacturing or agriculture reducing the competitiveness of these other sectors. Because mining overwhelmingly employs men, when other sectors shrink so do employment opportunities for women (Ross, 2008). This could significantly affect core social structures. Using plausibly exogenous variation in natural resource wealth due to giant oil discoveries and an event study design, this paper finds that giant oil discoveries are associated with relatively worse female outcomes as measured by higher male/female population ratios, higher teen birth rates, and lower educational attendance of tertiary education among women relative to men. However, the impact on health outcomes tapers off within 8 years. Additionally, during periods of increasing oil prices, there is no significant evidence of such effects possibly due to an income effect.

Suggested Citation

  • Anca M. GRECU & Edner BATAILLE, 2024. "Oil discoveries and gender inequality," JODE - Journal of Demographic Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 90(1), pages 1-30, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:ctl:louvde:v:90:y:2024:i:1:p:1-30
    DOI: 10.1017/dem.2022.16
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Education; Gender population structure; Giant oil dicoveries; Health; ressource curse;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q33 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation - - - Resource Booms (Dutch Disease)
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination

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