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Las paradojas en el desarrollo de la agricultura y las opciones de política

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  • Juan José Perfetti

Abstract

“En el modelo de desarrollo prevaleciente en Colombia durante los anteriores anos, la agricultura se concibió como una actividad que debía facilitar y apoyar el desarrollo de los demás sectores de la economía, en especial a la industria. Por otra parte, en la literatura sobre las relaciones del sector agropecuario con el resto de la economía en los países en desarrollo, el debate se centró alrededor de la discriminación que sufría el sector agropecuario como resultado de las políticas macroeconómicas que se venían aplicado en estos países. En Colombia, por su parte, los argumentos a favor de una política macroeconómica neutral, en la que se enfatizaba un manejo realista de la tasa de cambio, y la aplicación de políticas sectoriales específicas que compensaran los sesgos de la política macroeconómica. La agricultura colombiana ha tenido que pagar un mayor precio, en términos de crecimiento, que el sector industrial, que, supuestamente, era el protegido en el modelo de sustitución de importaciones. Para entenderla, como se argumenta en este artículo, es fundamental adentrarse en la dirección y tipo de desarrollo seguido por la agricultura colombiana durante la década de los ochenta. El artículo se divide en siete secciones. En la segunda parte se presenta énfasis de la política agrícola en las distintas estrategias de desarrollo. En la tercera, se detalla la política sectorial aplicada en la década de los ochenta. En la cuarta se discute la forma cómo se dio el crecimiento de la agricultura colombiana. En la quinta se explica el comportamiento reciente de la agricultura colombiana. En la sexta, se establecen las políticas que se requieren para fomentar el crecimiento sectorial. En la séptima parte, se resumen las principales conclusiones y recomendaciones del estudio.”

Suggested Citation

  • Juan José Perfetti, 1992. "Las paradojas en el desarrollo de la agricultura y las opciones de política," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, vol. 22(4), pages 75-99, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000438:013682
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. García García, Jorge & Montes Llamas, Gabriel, 1988. "Coffee boom, government expenditure, and agricultural prices: the Colombian experience," Research reports 68, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    2. Peter Timmer, C., 1988. "The agricultural transformation," Handbook of Development Economics, in: Hollis Chenery & T.N. Srinivasan (ed.), Handbook of Development Economics, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 8, pages 275-331, Elsevier.
    3. Catalina Crane, 1991. "Las exportaciones menores: Recorriendo nuevamente el camino," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, vol. 21(2), pages 67-88, July.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Agricultura; Desarrollo Agropecuario; Política Agrícola; Producción Agropecuaria;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products
    • Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy; Animal Welfare Policy
    • Q13 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness
    • Q17 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agriculture in International Trade

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