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Educación y salud: evidencia de efectos umbral en el crecimiento económico

Author

Listed:
  • Monterubbianesi, Pablo Daniel
  • Rojas, Mara Leticia
  • Dabús, Carlos Darío

Abstract

Resumen: Este trabajo analiza el efecto de la educación y la salud sobre el crecimiento económico mediante una metodología de regresión con efectos umbral para un panel de 86 países en el período 1960-2010. En concordancia con la literatura de no linealidades, el estudio verifica la existencia de dos umbrales de ingreso a partir de los cuales la salud y la educación afectan al crecimiento económico de forma diferente. Si bien la magnitud del efecto de la salud sobre el crecimiento varía, la relación entre ambas variables es siempre positiva. La educación, por su parte, sólo muestra una relación positiva con el crecimiento a partir del segundo umbral de ingresos. La intuición es que una población más saludable implica un mejor desempeno económico, independientemente del nivel de desarrollo. En cambio, un mayor nivel educativo tendrá efectos favorables a partir de un nivel mínimo de ingreso compatible con un stock mínimo de capital físico. Abstract: This work analyzes the effect of education and health on economic growth using a fixedeffect panel threshold model for 86 economies from 1960 to 2010. In accordance with non-linearities literature, the work verifies the existence of two income thresholds, after which health and education affect growth differently. Although the magnitude of the effect of health on economic growth is variable, the relationship between them is always positive. Nonetheless, education has only a positive effect on growth after the second income threshold. The intuition is that a healthier population implies a better economic performance, regardless of the development stage. Differently, a higher education should have favorable effects only from a minimal level of income compatible with a minimal physical capital. Résumé: Ce document analyse l’effet de l’éducation et de la santé sur la croissance économique en utilisant une méthodologie de régression a effet de seuil pour un panel de 86 pays sur la période 19602010. Conformément a la littérature sur la non-linéarité, l’étude vérifie l’existence de deux seuils de revenus au-dessus desquels la santé et l’éducation affectent différemment la croissance économique. Bien que l’ampleur de l’effet de la santé sur la croissance varie, la relation entre les deux variables est toujours positive. L’éducation, en revanche, ne montre qu’une relation positive avec la croissance au-dessus du deuxieme seuil de revenu. On peut prévoir qu’une population en meilleure santé implique de meilleures performances économiques, quel que soit le niveau de développement. En revanche, un niveau d’éducation plus élevé aura des effets favorables a partir d’un niveau de revenu minimum compatible avec un stock minimum de capital physique.

Suggested Citation

  • Monterubbianesi, Pablo Daniel & Rojas, Mara Leticia & Dabús, Carlos Darío, 2021. "Educación y salud: evidencia de efectos umbral en el crecimiento económico," Revista Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE, issue No. 94, pages 195-231, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000174:019599
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    File URL: https://revistas.udea.edu.co/index.php/lecturasdeeconomia/article/view/342459/20804586
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    Cited by:

    1. Mara Leticia Rojas & María María Ibáñez Martín & Carlos Dabús, 2023. "Is Debt Always Harmful for Economic Growth? Evidence from Developing Countries," Working Papers 292, Red Nacional de Investigadores en Economía (RedNIE).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    educación; salud; crecimiento; efectos umbral; datos de panel;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C1 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General
    • O4 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity
    • O5 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies

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