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Las zonas francas en Colombia: desarrollo empresarial y regional 2009 - 2016

Author

Listed:
  • Guillermo Alexander Arévalo-Luna
  • Guillermo Alejandro Arévalo Lizarazo

Abstract

Las zonas francas son un instrumento de política comercial que genera empleo, inversión y exportaciones, gracias a incentivos tributarios que reciben las empresas localizadas en su interior. El objetivo del artículo es examinar hasta qué grado en el periodo 2009-2016 la política de zonas francas contribuyó a concentrar los factores de producción y polarizar el crecimiento en las regiones centrales al tiempo que aumentó la disparidad regional, dadas las diversas limitaciones de carácter geográfico y de dotación factorial en las distintas regiones del país. El estudio utiliza el método analítico-descriptivo de fuentes estadísticas públicas y privadas. La hipótesis propuesta es la siguiente: aunque las zonas francas contribuyen a generar empleo, atraer inversión y aumentar las exportaciones, también fomentan el aumento de la disparidad regional. El estudio concluye que las políticas públicas estatales complementarias a la de zonas francas deberán contribuir a atenuar las desigualdades territoriales en favor de las regiones periféricas con mayor atraso relativo.

Suggested Citation

  • Guillermo Alexander Arévalo-Luna & Guillermo Alejandro Arévalo Lizarazo, 2019. "Las zonas francas en Colombia: desarrollo empresarial y regional 2009 - 2016," Apuntes del Cenes, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, vol. 38(68), pages 151-190, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000152:019271
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    zonas francas; empleoinversión; desarrollo empresarial; crecimiento regional.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • F43 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Economic Growth of Open Economies
    • J2 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor
    • M51 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Personnel Economics - - - Firm Employment Decisions; Promotions
    • P33 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions - - - International Trade, Finance, Investment, Relations, and Aid
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)

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