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Aproximaciones microeconómicas en la Teoría de los Lugares Centrales de Christaller

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  • Luis Guillermo Becerra Valbuena

Abstract

En el presente documento se hace una revisión de los planteamientos más importantes de la Teoría de los Lugares Centrales (TLC) formulada por Walter Christaller, así como una exploración de los diferentes intentos de modelación que se han hecho de esta teoría en la economía espacial. Posteriormente, se muestra un modelo de teoría de juegos con el cual se logran recoger ciertos aspectos de la TLC como la configuración hexagonal del espacio por el cual compiten las firmas, además del hecho de que las firmas o lugares centrales se terminan repartiendo el mercado en formas iguales. Igualmente, se estudia el comportamiento de los consumidores que buscan minimizar sus costos de transporte y obtener un menor precio, lo que lleva a que se dirijan a los lugares centrales más cercanos, que les ofrecen un menor precio compuesto (precio+costo de transporte). El modelo muestra la existencia de un equilibrio de Nash simétrico en donde, a pesar de que un lugar central está rodeado de 6 firmas o lugares centrales, compite contra ellas uno a uno por un área específica de mercado en un espacio isotrópico. Tal competencia oligopólica está ligada a la configuración hexagonal que postulaba Christaller. En otras palabras, la configuración hexagonal de Christaller es coherente con un equilibrio de Nash simétrico.

Suggested Citation

  • Luis Guillermo Becerra Valbuena, 2013. "Aproximaciones microeconómicas en la Teoría de los Lugares Centrales de Christaller," Revista ESPE - Ensayos Sobre Política Económica, Banco de la República, vol. 31(70), pages 68-120, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000107:010879
    DOI: 10.1016/S0120-4483(13)70030-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Teoría de los Lugares Centrales de Christaller; equilibrio de Nash simétrico; distribución espacial; oligopolio; sistema urbano.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C2 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables
    • D4 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design
    • L1 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance
    • R1 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics
    • R3 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location

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