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El Efecto de la Maternidad Sobre los Ingresos Femeninos

Author

Listed:
  • Liliana Olarte
  • Ximena Peña

Abstract

El presente trabajo analiza el efecto del número y de la estructura de edades de los hijos sobre los ingresos de las mujeres en Colombia. Las madres ganan en promedio 17,6% menos que las no madres. Comono todas las mujeres participan en el mercado laboral, existen potenciales problemas de selección queson corregidos. Los resultados empíricos confirman la existencia de una penalización por maternidadsobre los ingresos que resulta significativa. Se estima que luego de controlar por variables observablesy sesgo de selección, aún persiste una brecha en los ingresos de 9,4% entre madres y no madres;la brecha es más amplia cuando los hijos tienen menos de 5 anos de edad; 18,4%. Este diferencial deingresos se debe en parte a que las madres son empleadas con mayor probabilidad en trabajos de peorcalidad que las no madres, donde no se contribuye a salud ni a pensión, y a que ser madre está relacionado con mayores responsabilidades domésticas al interior del hogar.

Suggested Citation

  • Liliana Olarte & Ximena Peña, 2010. "El Efecto de la Maternidad Sobre los Ingresos Femeninos," Revista ESPE - Ensayos Sobre Política Económica, Banco de la República, vol. 28(63), pages 190-231, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000107:009437
    DOI: 10.32468/Espe.6305
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    Cited by:

    1. Luis Gamboa & Blanca Zuluaga, 2013. "Is There a Motherhood Penalty? Decomposing the Family Wage Gap in Colombia," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 34(4), pages 421-434, December.
    2. Julio E. Romero Prieto, 2018. "La maternidad y el empleo formal en Colombia," Documentos de Trabajo Sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 16328, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
    3. Lina Cardona-Sosa & Leonardo Morales, 2015. "Efectos laborales de los servicios de cuidado infantil: evidencia del programa Buen Comienzo," Borradores de Economia 12787, Banco de la Republica.
    4. Ana María Iregui-Bohórquez & Ligia Alba Melo-Becerra & María Teresa Ramírez-Giraldo & Ana María Tribín-Uribe, 2020. "The path to gender equality in Colombia: Are we there yet?," Borradores de Economia 1131, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    5. Ximena Pena & Juan Camilo Cárdenas & Hugo Ñopo & Jorge Luis Castañeda, 2013. "Mujer y movilidad social," Documentos CEDE 10498, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    6. Eduardo Lora, 2020. "Empleo femenino en las ciudades colombianas: un método de descripción estadística," Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, Universidad de los Andes,Facultad de Economía, CEDE, vol. 84(4), pages 131-179, February.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    maternidad; brecha en los ingresos; sesgo de selección; Colombia.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • C24 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Truncated and Censored Models; Switching Regression Models; Threshold Regression Models

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