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Speculative Criminality at Home: Bypassing Tenant Rights Through Police Surveillance in Detroit’s Rental Housing

Author

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  • Rae Baker

    (Education and Community Action Research, University of Cincinnati, USA)

Abstract

In 2016, Detroit, Michigan’s police department piloted a city-wide public-private-community video surveillance program called Project Green Light (PGL). Businesses that host the service, typically gas stations and convenience stores, receive priority response times for emergency dispatch calls, artificially decreasing 911 response times in a city with historically low emergency response capacity. This has led to many senior care homes with medically vulnerable residents to subscribe to PGL, as well as landlords of residential apartment buildings. While the program has been identified as a marker of gentrification by housing and anti-surveillance activists and residents, it has also raised concern about perpetuating the criminalization of Black Detroiters, specifically those living in rental housing that hosts the technology. In a city that is rapidly evolving through private, institutional, and public partnership developments while elected officials espouse to maintain racial and economic equity as core values of Detroit’s upcoming master planning process, the lack of foresight of the impact of surveillance tech is striking. The article’s focus is on surveillance technology as a defining element of contemporary urban development which enacts both a forbearance and expansion of rights through the application of technology to property relations. Relying on the automation of policing and racially biased artificial intelligence perpetuates criminality based on race, class, and perceived gender while additionally tying those experiences to the bundle of rights associated with the ownership of property.

Suggested Citation

  • Rae Baker, 2025. "Speculative Criminality at Home: Bypassing Tenant Rights Through Police Surveillance in Detroit’s Rental Housing," Urban Planning, Cogitatio Press, vol. 10.
    • Handle: RePEc:cog:urbpla:v10:y:2025:a:8575
    DOI: 10.17645/up.8575
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jamie Peck & Heather Whiteside, 2016. "Financializing Detroit," Economic Geography, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 92(3), pages 235-268, July.
    2. Tom Barnes & Joshua M. Roose & Bryan S. Turner, 2021. "Detroit five years after bankruptcy: From coercion to consent," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 58(10), pages 2139-2156, August.
    3. Christopher V. Hawkins, 2014. "Planning and competing interests: testing the mediating influence of planning capacity on smart growth policy adoption," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(11), pages 1683-1703, November.
    4. Breznau, Nate & Kirkpatrick, L. Owen, 2018. "Urban Fiscal Crisis and Local Emergency Management: Tracking the Color Line in Michigan," OSF Preprints k9ve7, Center for Open Science.
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