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Ein Rückblick auf die Budgetpolitik Österreichs seit dem Beitritt zur Europäischen Union

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  • Bruno Rossmann

Abstract

Die supranationalen Rahmenbedingungen für die Budgetpolitik zogen einen Wandel der budgetpolitischen Strategie in Österreich nach sich. Durch die Orientierung am Stabilitätsund Wachstumspakt war die Budgetpolitik stärker denn je an fiskalischer Stabilisierung ausgerichtet. Die Senkung der Steuer- und Abgabenquote zielt bei ausgeglichenen Haushalten auf eine Zurückdrängung des Wohlfahrtsstaates ab. Die Konsolidierungsstrategien führten zwischen 1995 und 2004 zu einem Rückgang der Einnahmen- und Ausgabenquoten des Sektors Staat. Während die Konsolidierung 1996/97 stärker ausgabenseitig erreicht wurde, kam der Maastricht-Überschuss im Jahr 2001 ü berwiegend einnahmenseitig zustande und führte zur höchsten Abgabenquote der Zweiten Republik. Im Bundessektor sanken die Einnahmen- und Ausgabenquoten bis zum Jahr 2000, stiegen danach sprunghaft an und sanken dann wiederum. Die Konsolidierung auf Bundesebene war entgegen den budgetpolitischen Strategien ausschließlich einnahmenseitigen Maßnahmen zuzuschreiben. Die Konsolidierungsmaßnahmen trafen ab 2001 besonders niedrige und mittlere Einkommen, während die Konsolidierung 1996/97 das Entstehen sozialer Härten durch begleitende Maßnahmen abzufedern versuchte. Die öffentlichen Haushalte wirkten in Österreich insbesondere im Jahr 2001 prozyklisch und haben damit die Konjunkturschwankungen verstärkt.

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  • Bruno Rossmann, 2005. "Ein Rückblick auf die Budgetpolitik Österreichs seit dem Beitritt zur Europäischen Union," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 31(4), pages 493-534.
    • Handle: RePEc:clr:wugarc:y:2005v:31i:4p:493
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    1. Bruno Rossmann & Christa Schlager, 2012. "Budgetpolitik in Österreich vor und nach der Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 38(2), pages 248-272.

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