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Steuern und Innovation: Wie steuerliche FuE-Förderung Innovationsanreize in privatwirtschaftlichen Unternehmen schafft

Author

Listed:
  • Oliver Falck
  • Anna Kerkhof
  • Christian Pfaffl
  • Christian Pfaffl

Abstract

Innovationen bilden die Grundlage für technischen Fortschritt und haben einen entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Zukunftsfähigkeit von Volkswirtschaften. Positive Externalitäten sowie das inhärente Risiko von Investitionen in Forschung und Entwicklung (FuE) führen jedoch dazu, dass privatwirtschaftliche Investitionen in FuE im Marktgleichgewicht unterhalb des effizienten Niveaus liegen. Der Staat kann dieses Marktversagen kompensieren, indem er gezielte Anreize für Innovationen setzt. Dazu stehen verschiedene steuerpolitische Instrumente zur Verfügung: Man unterscheidet zwischen gezielter steuerlicher FuE-Förderung (input- oder outputbasiert) und allgemeiner steuerlicher Förderung über die Unternehmens- und Einkommensbesteuerung. Im Rahmen eines Evidenzberichts mit Meta-Analyse wurde die existierende Fachliteratur zur Wirkung steuerlicher FuE-Förderung systematisch ausgewertet. Die Analyse zeichnet ein überwiegend positives Bild hinsichtlich der gewünschten Wirksamkeit steuerlicher FuE-Förderung. Insbesondere die gezielte, inputbasierte steuerliche FuE-Förderung und die allgemeine Förderung durch Unternehmensteuern zeigen eine positive Wirkung auf Innovationen bzw. FuE-Aktivitäten in privatwirtschaftlichen Unternehmen.

Suggested Citation

  • Oliver Falck & Anna Kerkhof & Christian Pfaffl & Christian Pfaffl, 2021. "Steuern und Innovation: Wie steuerliche FuE-Förderung Innovationsanreize in privatwirtschaftlichen Unternehmen schafft," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 74(10), pages 26-30, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:ces:ifosdt:v:74:y:2021:i:10:p:26-30
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Schwab, Thomas & Todtenhaupt, Maximilian, 2021. "Thinking outside the box: The cross-border effect of tax cuts on R&D," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    2. Shao, Yuchen & Xiao, Chengrui, 2019. "Corporate tax policy and heterogeneous firm innovation: Evidence from a developing country," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(2), pages 470-486.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gundert Hannah & Nicolay Katharina & Steinbrenner Daniela & Wickel Sophia, 2024. "The Tax Attractiveness of EU Locations for Corporate Investments: A Stocktaking of Past Developments and Recent Reforms," The Economists' Voice, De Gruyter, vol. 21(1), pages 97-132.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Forschungsfinanzierung; Steuervergünstigung; Unternehmensbesteuerung; Steuerpolitik; Wirkungsanalyse;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
    • H32 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Firm
    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies

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