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Gesundheitsreform 2010: Einstieg in den Systemwechsel?

Author

Listed:
  • Philipp Rösler
  • Jochen Pimpertz
  • Friedrich Breyer
  • Wolfgang Greiner
  • Gebhard Kirchgässer
  • Jürgen Wasem

Abstract

Im Herbst soll im Bundestag eine Reform der GKV verabschiedet werden und zum 1. Januar 2011 in Kraft treten. Philipp Rösler, Bundesgesundheitsminister, unterstreicht, dass die Reform den Einstieg in den Systemwechsel bedeutet: Denn mit der Festschreibung des prozentualen Beitragssatzes und der Weiterentwicklung der Zusatzbeiträge werden die Einkommensabhängigkeit der Finanzierung des Gesundheitssystems vermindert und ein transparentes Preissignal geboten, die Krankenkassen erhalten Beitragsautonomie. Jochen Pimpertz, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft Köln, ist nicht so optimistisch. Seiner Ansicht nach ist das Reformmodell enttäuschend. Statt einer Abkehr von der einkommensabhängigen Beitragsfinanzierung steige zunächst nur der Beitragssatz. Mit dieser Anhebung des Beitragssatzes werden sowohl die Fehlanreize als auch die Fehlverteilungen infolge der Beitragsfinanzierung ausgedehnt. Friedrich Breyer, Universität Konstanz, vermisst ebenfalls die angekündigte weitreichende Reform des Finanzierungsmodells. Es gehe stattdessen in der Hauptsache um die Abwendung eines Defizits der Krankenkassen. Auch kehre nicht mehr Wettbewerb ins deutsche Gesundheitssystem ein. Wolfgang Greiner, Universität Bielefeld, sieht weiterhin Reformbedarf: »Wie in den vergangenen Jahren ist nach der Reform vor der Reform und man kann der Gesundheitspolitik nur raten, die Ausgabendynamik nicht nur durch dirigistische Eingriffe in die Preisstruktur, sondern auch durch sich selbst regulierende wettbewerbliche Findungsprozesse ablaufen zu lassen.« Gebhard Kirchgässner, Universität St. Gallen, kritisiert u.a. den Anstieg des Arbeitnehmerbeitrags. Damit werden die Krankenkassenprämien nicht von den Löhnen abgekoppelt, sondern die Differenz zwischen Brutto- und Nettolohn steige noch. Und auch Jürgen Wasem, Universität Duisburg-Essen, sieht vor allem eine »triste Kostendämpfung statt struktureller Reformen«.

Suggested Citation

  • Philipp Rösler & Jochen Pimpertz & Friedrich Breyer & Wolfgang Greiner & Gebhard Kirchgässer & Jürgen Wasem, 2010. "Gesundheitsreform 2010: Einstieg in den Systemwechsel?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 63(16), pages 03-21, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:ces:ifosdt:v:63:y:2010:i:16:p:03-21
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Gesundheitswesen; Gesundheitsversorgung; Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung; Gesundheitsreform; Deutschland;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health

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