Ethnoracial Composition of US Macroregions Population in the Early 21st Century: Quantitative Analysis of Intergroup Interaction

The article provides an assessment of the current ethnoracial composition of the US population in structural and territorial aspects based on US Census data from 2000, 2010 and 2020. To describe the model of ethnoracial development in the United States, the author introduces the index of group distance in society, taking into account intergroup marriage preferences, and the index of interracial integration of the population, based on the calculation of social distances between racial groups. Intergroup distance of racial groups is calculated on the basis of data on multiple origins of origin, as the resulting characteristics of the most important type of interaction between different groups – marriage. Based on the calculated values of the intergroup distance index, a diagram of the modern racial and ethnic organization of the US population is proposed, reflec- ting the specifics of the ethnic development of the state. Two opposing trends in the transformation of the ethnoracial structure of the US population are identified: ethnic development according to the “melting pot†principle among the representatives of the “old immigration†within racial groups and in “contact zones†and the fragmentation of society according to the “salad bowl†principle. For macroregions of the United States, in accordance with the calculated values o f the index of interracial integration of the population for 2010, the prevailing options for ethnoracial development are indicated in accordance with the deve- lopment of assimilation processes, or, conversely, fragmentation of society. Further, based on the data from the 2010 and 2020 censuses, a quantitative assessment of the transformation of intergroup marital interaction in the macroregions of the United States was made. In conclusion, the results of the quantitative analysis of intergroup marital interaction are correlated with the potential risks of local or large-scale interracial conflicts in macroregions of the United States. The greatest risks of social and political destabilization are found the states that are part of macroregions with a low index of interracial integration and, accordingly, high social tension: the states of the Southeast and Northeast of the Center and the South Atlantic.