Mise à l’épreuve du système de règlement des différends de l’OMC. Est-ce un rejet du multilatéralisme ou une mise en cause de l’ordre économique actuel ?

The WTO is an international organization particularly representative of multilateralism. However, just as this concept is currently in a state of failure in trade negotiations, the WTO?s dispute settlement system, which is part of what makes the organization so renowned, is also encountering difficulties. Since the very beginning, this system has had its shortcomings, but there are also problems related to practice. However, this delicate situation is further aggravated by a recent institutional concern : the blocking of the appointment of members of the Appellate Body, which is a fundamental cog in the machinery of the dispute settlement system. Despite the plans for reform, there is a real risk that, in a climate of rejection of multilateralism, the dispute settlement system, or even the WTO itself, will disappear.