Les règles du droit des investissements internationaux s'opposent-elles aux politiques de sécurité alimentaire ?

Is International Investment Law an obstacle to Food Security Policies ? In order to give a reply to this question, the present study compares the main rules of Investment Law with the component of food security which is most likely to be affected by these rules, namely agricultural production. At first, the issue of agricultural land ownership is considered through the rules governing on the one hand admission of foreign investment and on the other hand expropriation. Then the issue of agricultural production regulation is examined through the rules which protect foreign investors in the operation phase of their investments : prohibition of trade obligations imposed on foreign investors, Treatment commitments taken by host States (National Treatment, Most Favored Nation Treatment, Fair and Equitable Treatment) and protection of their investment against indirect expropriation. What emerges is a nuanced result : Food Security Policies should not ignore the rules of International Investment Law but, subject to compliance with certain conditions, these rules do not impair the development of such Policies.