Penser la production de connaissances pour repenser la politique des clusters

Underlining the role of the innovation in the dynamism and the development of nations, the research works dedicated to the innovation widely influenced the elaboration of the public policies in favour of the innovation. Since many years, a great number of countries, taking into account the importance granted, on one hand, to knowledge and, on the other hand, to the role of the space in the innovation dynamics, are thinking their innovation policy in a new way. It is precisely in such a context that the French competitiveness clusters policy is born. This last one is considered as a new industrial policy in order to promote the French competitiveness. To this end, they bring together the industrial, scientific and academic players in a given local area with the idea that the interaction between the actors of the innovation allows to stimulate the diffusion of the knowledge necessary for the innovation. Considering that the diffusion of knowledge is a necessary but not sufficient condition of the innovation, we shall sketch the implications for innovation public policy. Precisely, we defend the thesis that it is necessary that the public action does not focus in a exclusive way on the diffusion of the knowledge but also on their production.