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La démographie de l'Afrique au sud du Sahara des années 1950 aux années 2000. Synthèse des changements et bilan statistique

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  • Dominique Tabutin
  • Bruno Schoumaker

Abstract

This chronicle is focused on sub-Saharan Africa (48 nations, 730 million people) and includes both a summary of the major socio-demographic and health changes since the 1950s and a statistical survey based on the most reliable recent data on each nation. Particular attention has been given to the size and structure of the population, fertility and its intermediate variables, nuptiality, mortality, child health, migration and population movements, urbanization and access to education. Even though Africa still has the most rapid growth and the youngest population in the world, many changes are in progress. They occur at different speed depending on the country, the region, and the type of residence. As a result, African demographic regimes are diversifying. One major trend is the decline of fertility that has been observed for Africa as a whole for the last fifteen years, with rapid declines in a few countries, but also stagnation in about fifteen others. The age at first marriage is increasing in most countries, but polygyny is resisting rather well. Adult and child mortality have decreased markedly over the last forty years, though at a different pace and with worrisome reversals of trends in recent times in the countries most affected by AIDS. Access to education, particularly for women, is still an issue. The overall situation in sub-Saharan Africa has improved since the 1950s or 1960s, but progress is slower than in other regions in the world and appears reversible or uncertain in the current context of economic crisis, poverty and the AIDS pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Dominique Tabutin & Bruno Schoumaker, 2004. "La démographie de l'Afrique au sud du Sahara des années 1950 aux années 2000. Synthèse des changements et bilan statistique," Population (french edition), Institut National d'Études Démographiques (INED), vol. 59(3), pages 521-622.
  • Handle: RePEc:cai:popine:popu_403_0521
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    Cited by:

    1. Pauline Rossi, 2019. "Strategic Choices in Polygamous Households: Theory and Evidence from Senegal," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 86(3), pages 1332-1370.
    2. repec:dau:papers:123456789/4300 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Hamadou Daouda, Youssoufou, 2011. "Déterminants de la mortalité infantile et infanto-juvénile et la pauvreté au Niger [Determinants of infant and under-five mortality and poverty in Niger]," MPRA Paper 73154, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Denis Cogneau & Léa Rouanet, 2009. "Living Conditions in Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana and Western Africa 1925-1985: What Do Survey Data on Height Stature Tell Us?," Working Papers DT/2009/12, DIAL (Développement, Institutions et Mondialisation).
    5. Anne-Emmanuèle Calvès, 2016. "First union formation in urban Burkina Faso: Competing relationship transitions to marriage or cohabitation," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 34(15), pages 421-450.
    6. Yaya, OlaOluwa S & Amoateng, Acheampong Y, 2016. "Social Structure and Variation in the Family Formation Process: The Case of Age at First Marriage and Duration between First Marriage and First Birth in selected sub-Saharan African Countries," MPRA Paper 88825, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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