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Poly-glutamic acid reinforces wheat cadmium tolerance by modulating ascorbic acid and glutathione metabolism

Author

Listed:
  • Limin Wu

    (Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China)

  • Qiumei Zhang

    (Henan Fengyuan Seed Company Limited, Xinxiang, P.R. China)

  • Ninghai Lu

    (Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China)

Abstract

We investigated the influence of poly-glutamic acid (PGA) on ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) metabolism in leaves of wheat seedlings under cadmium (Cd) stress. The results showed that Cd stress enhanced ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase activities, and increased AsA and GSH contents. Whereas Cd reduced AsA/dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) and GSH/oxidised glutathione (GSSG) ratios and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and electrolyte leakage (EL). Meanwhile, Cd stress improved Cd accumulation and nonphotochemical quenching (qN) and decreased soil and plant analyser development (SPAD) value, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching (qP), quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (ΦPSII), wheat height and dry biomass. Compared to Cd alone, PGA plus Cd stress reinforced AsA and GSH metabolism via the above enzymes and increased AsA and GSH contents and their redox status. PGA plus Cd stress also decreased MDA content and EL. Besides, PGA plus Cd stress decreased Cd accumulation and increased SPAD value, Pn, qN, Fv/Fm, qP, ΦPSII, wheat height and dry biomass. Moreover, PGA alone showed positive effects on the indicators mentioned above. Our results clearly indicated that PGA enhanced wheat Cd tolerance by preventing Cd uptake and enhancing AsA and GSH metabolism. Therefore, PGA can be applied to enhance wheat Cd tolerance in production.

Suggested Citation

  • Limin Wu & Qiumei Zhang & Ninghai Lu, 2024. "Poly-glutamic acid reinforces wheat cadmium tolerance by modulating ascorbic acid and glutathione metabolism," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 70(8), pages 483-491.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:70:y:2024:i:8:id:154-2024-pse
    DOI: 10.17221/154/2024-PSE
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bingqian Liu & Chunchun An & Shuying Jiao & Fengyuan Jia & Ruilin Liu & Qicong Wu & Zhi Dong, 2022. "Impacts of the Inoculation of Piriformospora indica on Photosynthesis, Osmoregulatory Substances, and Antioxidant Enzymes of Alfalfa Seedlings under Cadmium Stress," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-13, November.
    2. Muhammad I. Rafique & Munir Ahmad & Mohammad I. Al-Wabel & Jahangir Ahmad & Abdullah S. Al-Farraj, 2022. "Mitigating the Toxic Effects of Chromium on Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Seed Germination and Seedling Growth by Using Biochar and Polymer-Modified Biochar in Contaminated Soil," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-15, December.
    3. Qidi Zhu & Yanyan Li & Shang Gao & Changjuan Shan, 2021. "Praseodymium enhanced the tolerance of maize seedlings subjected to cadmium stress by up-regulating the enzymes in the regeneration and biosynthetic pathways of ascorbate and glutathione," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 67(11), pages 633-642.
    4. Xinliang Zhao & Yibo Zhang & Xiaoqing Zhang & Changjuan Shan, 2023. "Putrescine improves salt tolerance of wheat seedlings by regulating ascorbate and glutathione metabolism, photosynthetic performance, and ion homeostasis," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 69(11), pages 512-521.
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