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Different technologies of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivation and their effects on water runoff and soil erosion

Author

Listed:
  • Jiří Záruba

    (Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic
    Department of Land Use and Improvement, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic)

  • Pavel Formánek

    (Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic)

  • David Kincl

    (Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic
    Department of Land Use and Improvement, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic)

  • Jan Vopravil

    (Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic
    Department of Land Use and Improvement, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic)

  • Helena Kusá

    (Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic)

  • Pavel Růžek

    (Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic)

  • David Kabelka

    (Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic
    Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic)

  • Pavel Kasal

    (Potato Research Institute Havlíčkův Brod, Havlíčkův Brod, Czech Republic)

Abstract

Surface runoff and soil losses in the case of potato cultivation using de-stoning technology on gentle slopes (Haplic Cambisol) were studied in 2020-2022. Different ridges shapes were compared: control (smooth shaped ridges), pits, pits plus loosening, pits plus loosening plus cover crop (Triticum aestivum L.) sowing in trail furrows. Runoff and soil losses were studied approximately 1 and 2 months after planting potatoes. The obtained results showed the highest reduction of surface runoff and soil losses in the treatment with cover crop sowing. In this variant, soil losses were reduced by 65-81% (1 month after planting) and 54-85% (2 months after planting) in case of simulated rainfall on the soil with natural moisture (or these losses were reduced by 51-93% and 50-76% in case of 15-min rainfall). On average, tuber yields reached 29.4 t/ha (pits + loosening) to 30.6 t/ha (pits) in 2020-2022. The different abilities of the tested shapes of ridges and furrows to retain water did not significantly affect the achieved yields of tubers, as rainfall was not a limiting factor in the monitored period. The yield differences among all tested treatments reached units of tons per hectare if the entire dose of nitrogen was applied at planting. Splitting the total nitrogen dose (50% at planting, 50% at loosening) gave significantly (P < 0.05) higher yields (34.2 t/ha) than a single application at planting. The treatment pits plus loosening with fertilisation provided a 19-26% higher tuber yield than pits plus loosening with a total N dose applied at planting.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiří Záruba & Pavel Formánek & David Kincl & Jan Vopravil & Helena Kusá & Pavel Růžek & David Kabelka & Pavel Kasal, 2023. "Different technologies of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivation and their effects on water runoff and soil erosion," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 69(5), pages 238-246.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:69:y:2023:i:5:id:149-2023-pse
    DOI: 10.17221/149/2023-PSE
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Kincl & David Kabelka & Jan Vopravil & Darina Heřmanovská, 2021. "Estimating the curve number for conventional and soil conservation technologies using a rainfall simulator," Soil and Water Research, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 16(2), pages 95-102.
    2. Štefan Koco & Jozef Vilček & Stanislav Torma & Eva Michaeli & Vladimír Solár, 2020. "Optimising Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivation by Selection of Proper Soils," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-10, May.
    3. David Kabelka & David Kincl & Miloslav Janeček & Jan Vopravil & Petr Vráblík, 2019. "Reduction in soil organic matter loss caused by water erosion in inter-rows of hop gardens," Soil and Water Research, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 14(3), pages 172-182.
    4. Daniel Vejchar & Josef Vacek & David Hájek & Jiří Bradna & Pavel Kasal & Andrea Svobodová, 2019. "Reduction of surface runoff on sloped agricultural land in potato cultivation in de-stoned soil," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 65(3), pages 118-124.
    5. David Kabelka & David Kincl & Jan Vopravil & Petr Vráblík, 2021. "Impact of cover crops in inter-rows of hop gardens on reducing soil loss due to water erosion," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 67(4), pages 230-235.
    6. David Kincl & Pavel Formánek & Jan Vopravil & Pavel Nerušil & Ladislav Menšík & Jaroslava Janků, 2022. "Soil-conservation effect of intercrops in silage maize," Soil and Water Research, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 17(3), pages 180-190.
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