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The effect of water temperature, prey availability and presence of conspecifics on prey consumption of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca)

Author

Listed:
  • Oleksandr Malinovskyi
  • Lukáš Veselý

    (Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic)

  • Carlos Yanes-Roca

    (Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic)

  • Tomáš Policar

    (Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic)

Abstract

In this study, the effect of water temperature, predator's sex, prey density, and the presence of conspecifics on prey consumption of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) was experimentally tested. In Experiment 1, predators of both sexes [males: total length (TL) = 473 ± 22 mm and body weight (BW) = 1 070 ± 100 g and females: TL = 464 ± 12 mm and BW = 1 060 ± 100 g] were kept in separate tanks and exposed to different densities of prey (Pseudorasbora parva; 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 prey fishes per tank) under fixed water temperatures of 4.5 °C, 8.5 °C, and 12.5 °C. After 63 days of this experiment, it was found that pikeperch predation was significantly affected by increasing water temperature. The effect of prey density was significant at all tested temperatures. Pikeperch females tended to have the higher prey consumption than males, although that trend was statistically insignificant. Results suggest that increased feeding demands at temperatures above 4.5 °C can lead to predator starvation in conditions of low prey availability. Due to the higher prey consumption, pikeperch females could be more vulnerable to low prey availability during their culture. In Experiment 2, pikeperch were kept at different densities of 1, 2, 4, and 8 individuals per tank supplied with a prey rate of 50 individuals per predator, ensuring ad libitum feeding rate. The average daily prey consumption was significantly higher in the tanks with multiple predators, accounting for 17.6 ± 3.57 prey fishes/day compared to 11.6 ± 2.33 prey fishes/day in the tank with a single predator. These results indicate that pikeperch predation activity and prey consumption can be significantly affected by the water temperature, prey availability, and the presence of conspecifics. The findings contribute to understanding the predatory function, natural feeding request of pikeperch and its potential importance for broodstock culture and broodstock final maturation for a successful spawning season. Also, this information can be used for better management of pikeperch pond aquaculture or bio-melioration process in open water bodies and ecosystems.

Suggested Citation

  • Oleksandr Malinovskyi & Lukáš Veselý & Carlos Yanes-Roca & Tomáš Policar, 2022. "The effect of water temperature, prey availability and presence of conspecifics on prey consumption of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca)," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 67(11), pages 465-473.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:67:y:2022:i:11:id:162-2022-cjas
    DOI: 10.17221/162/2022-CJAS
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Troy M. Farmer & Elizabeth A. Marschall & Konrad Dabrowski & Stuart A. Ludsin, 2015. "Short winters threaten temperate fish populations," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-10, November.
    2. Katarina E. Fussmann & Florian Schwarzmüller & Ulrich Brose & Alexandre Jousset & Björn C. Rall, 2014. "Ecological stability in response to warming," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 4(3), pages 206-210, March.
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