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Impact of interspecific hybridization of T. pratense × T. medium and backcrossing on genetic variability of progeny

Author

Listed:
  • Jana DLUHOŠOVÁ

    (Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic)

  • Jana ŘEPKOVÁ

    (Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic)

  • Hana JAKEŠOVÁ

    (Dr. Hana Jakesova Clovers and Grass Plant Breeding, Hladké Životice, Czech Republic)

  • Jan NEDĚLNÍK

    (Agricultural Research, Ltd., Troubsko, Czech Republic)

Abstract

Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a high-quality fodder crop which has been hybridized successfully with its wild relative zigzag clover (T. medium L.). The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic impact of interspecific hybridization and subsequent repeated backcrossing on the variability within hybrid progeny genomes. Nuclear DNA content of 800 and 753 hybrid plants from F7/F8 and F8/F9 generations, respectively, was measured by flow cytometry. Resulting values were converted to estimated chromosome counts, which were successfully validated on a sample of 28 plants by counting mitotic chromosomes. The two generations showed a similar distribution of various chromosome counts ranging from 22 to 47 chromosomes. In total, 24.0% and 34.3% of plants from the two generations had different numbers of chromosomes from their parental plants. Variability within the hybrid population was assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization using rDNA probes. Individual plants had a pattern of 5S and 45S rDNA loci rather more similar to that of T. pratense than of T. medium. Numbers of chromosomes with clusters of 5S rDNA ranged from 6 to 14 while those of 45S rDNA varied between 4 and 13. Individual arrangements were almost unique, and some plants possessed also novel formations which were not present in any of the parental species, such as a cluster of 5S rDNA surrounded by 45S rDNA clusters or a 45S rDNA cluster surrounded by 5S rDNA clusters. This suggests complex rearrangements connected with post-hybridization stabilization of hybrid genomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Jana DLUHOŠOVÁ & Jana ŘEPKOVÁ & Hana JAKEŠOVÁ & Jan NEDĚLNÍK, 2016. "Impact of interspecific hybridization of T. pratense × T. medium and backcrossing on genetic variability of progeny," Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 52(4), pages 125-131.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:52:y:2016:i:4:id:115-2016-cjgpb
    DOI: 10.17221/115/2016-CJGPB
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hana Jakešová & Jana Řepková & David Hampel & Lydie Čechová & Jan Hofbauer, 2011. "Variation of morphological and agronomic traits in hybrids of Trifolium pratense × T. medium and a comparison with the parental species," Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 47(1), pages 28-36.
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