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A gravity approach of agricultural trade: The nexus of the EU and African, Caribbean and Pacific countries

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  • Jeremiás Máté Balogh

    (Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary)

  • Nuno Carlos Leitão

    (Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Santarém, Portugal
    Center for Advanced Studies in Management and Economics, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal)

Abstract

The European Union (EU) is one of the biggest traders of agricultural products. In 2017, extra-EU agricultural trade accounted for 7.4% of the total EU international trade. Furthermore, Europe is the main destination for agricultural goods arriving from African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) trading partners. The paper analyses the effect of geographical proximity, cultural similarity, free trade agreements on bilateral agricultural trade as well as intra-industry trade between EU member states and its trading partners (intra and extra EU trade), employing gravity model for a period of 1996-2017. Regression results suggest that EU countries export more agricultural products to their common markets. In addition, the export costs of agricultural products are lower if the EU and its external trading partners are culturally similar; have the same religion or both have regional trade agreements. We found a moderate intra-industry trade between the EU and ACP countries at 18%. The results indicate rather inter-industry trade between EU and non-EU members, with a lower index level for ACP countries. A higher positive impact is revealed on the agricultural import between ACP-EU countries than export.

Suggested Citation

  • Jeremiás Máté Balogh & Nuno Carlos Leitão, 2019. "A gravity approach of agricultural trade: The nexus of the EU and African, Caribbean and Pacific countries," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 65(11), pages 509-519.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:65:y:2019:i:11:id:131-2019-agricecon
    DOI: 10.17221/131/2019-AGRICECON
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    3. Nazir Muhammad Abdullahi & Olufemi Adewale Aluko & Xuexi Huo, 2021. "Determinants, efficiency and potential of agri-food exports from Nigeria to the EU: Evidence from the stochastic frontier gravity model," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 67(8), pages 337-349.

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