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Relation of Carl Menger's philosophy of economics to Auguste Comte's positivism

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  • Alexandru Popovici

    (Romanian-American University in Bucharest (Romania))

Abstract

The conception of the founder of the Austrian School, in his book on the philosophy of social sciences, has been described, by the supporters of this school, as a total methodological individualism, upholding the absolute specificity of these sciences to those of nature, and as rejecting the use of mathematics in economics. In fact, the human individual was, for Carl Menger, only the fundamental element of socioeconomic structures. Economic theory was to be inspired by the "atomism" of the natural sciences and to determine the causes, effects and laws of the studied phenomena, with the aim of predicting and controlling them. Empirical study had to unite with conceptual abstraction and mathematics, in proportions determined by the simplicity or complexity of the field of research. These characteristics of the conception of C. Manger, like similar others, make us assume an important (but unconfessed) influence of A. Comte's positivism. However, to prove it, we will try to restore his true philosophy of science, warped by the neo-positivism of the energetist physicists and of the Vienna Circle.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexandru Popovici, 2022. "Relation of Carl Menger's philosophy of economics to Auguste Comte's positivism," The Journal of Philosophical Economics, Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies, The Journal of Philosophical Economics, vol. 15(1), pages 158-195.
    • Handle: RePEc:bus:jphile:v:15:y:2022:i:1:n:6
    DOI: 10.46298/jpe.10033
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Thorstein Veblen, 1901. "Gustav Schmoller's Economics," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 16(1), pages 69-93.
    2. Alexandru A. POPOVICI, 2018. "Critical comments on the philosophical context of Ludwig von Mises’s ‘Human action’," The Journal of Philosophical Economics, Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies, The Journal of Philosophical Economics, vol. 12(1), pages 112-125, November.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    philosophy of sciences; philosophy of economics; Austrian School; positivism; historicism; holism; natural laws; social laws; scientific methods; methodological individualism; [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B31 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought: Individuals - - - Individuals

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