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Who bribes? Evidence from the United Nations' oil‐for‐food program

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  • Yujin Jeong
  • Robert J. Weiner

Abstract

How do managers react in an environment where bribery is likely to bring high rewards, but also presents high risks? We examine the supply side (firms' illicit payments) of bribery in a global setting, using the United Nations' (UN) Oil‐for‐Food Program, part of UN sanctions on Iraq. Some companies helped Iraq circumvent UN sanctions through bribe payments in the form of illicit surcharges. Our transaction‐level analysis of factors affecting bribe payments draws on the economic theory of crime, agency theory, and home country institutions. Results suggest that firms pay larger bribes when there are stronger financial and managerial incentives, but pay less when their home countries have implemented the OECD Anti‐Bribery Convention. We find little relationship between a widely used country‐level corruption perception index and firms' actual bribery. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Suggested Citation

  • Yujin Jeong & Robert J. Weiner, 2012. "Who bribes? Evidence from the United Nations' oil‐for‐food program," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(12), pages 1363-1383, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:stratm:v:33:y:2012:i:12:p:1363-1383
    DOI: 10.1002/smj.1986
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    Cited by:

    1. Yu Yan & Shusen Qi, 2021. "I Know What I Need: Optimization of Bribery," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 174(2), pages 311-332, November.
    2. Md. Abdul Kaium Masud & Seong Mi Bae & Javier Manzanares & Jong Dae Kim, 2019. "Board Directors’ Expertise and Corporate Corruption Disclosure: The Moderating Role of Political Connections," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-22, August.
    3. Andrzej Cieślik & Łukasz Goczek, 2022. "Who suffers and how much from corruption? Evidence from firm-level data," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 12(3), pages 451-473, September.
    4. Noman Shaheer & Jingtao Yi & Sali Li & Liang Chen, 2019. "State-Owned Enterprises as Bribe Payers: The Role of Institutional Environment," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 159(1), pages 221-238, September.
    5. Elbanna, Said & Abdelzaher, Dina M. & Ramadan, Nora, 2020. "Management research in the Arab World: What is now and what is next?," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 26(2).
    6. Liuyang Ren & Xi Zhong & Liangyong Wan, 2022. "Defending the shell: differential effects of delisting pressure on R&D intensity and bribery expenditure," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 16(5), pages 1437-1470, July.
    7. Zhou, Kevin Zheng & Wang, Kui & Xu, Dean & Xie, En, 2022. "Drinking poison to quench thirst: Does bribery foster firm performance in China?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 505-517.
    8. Cano-Kollmann Marcelo & Mudambi Ram & Tavares-Lehmann Ana Teresa, 2022. "The geographical dispersion of inventor networks in peripheral economies," ZFW – Advances in Economic Geography, De Gruyter, vol. 66(1), pages 49-63, May.
    9. Wu, Yan & Strange, Roger & Shirodkar, Vikrant, 2022. "Lateral knowledge transfer and foreign affiliate performance: The importance of affiliate strategic roles," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    10. Ilgaz Arikan & Oded Shenkar, 2022. "Neglected elements: What we should cover more of in international business research," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 53(7), pages 1484-1507, September.
    11. Jungwon Min, 2024. "A Symbolic Framing of Exploitative Firms: Evidence from Japan," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 190(3), pages 589-605, March.
    12. Charles E. Stevens & Aloysius Newenham‐Kahindi, 2021. "Avoid, acquiesce … or engage? New insights from sub‐Saharan Africa on MNE strategies for managing corruption," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(2), pages 273-301, February.
    13. Cuervo-Cazurra, Alvaro & Dieleman, Marleen & Hirsch, Paul & Rodrigues, Suzana B. & Zyglidopoulos, Stelios, 2021. "Multinationals’ misbehavior," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 56(5).
    14. Vijay S. Sampath & Noushi Rahman, 2019. "Bribery in MNEs: The Dynamics of Corruption Culture Distance and Organizational Distance to Core Values," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 159(3), pages 817-835, October.
    15. Valentino, Alfredo & Mayrhofer, Ulrike & Caroli, Matteo, 2022. "Internal and external drivers of anticorruption policies in multinationals," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(6).
    16. Hyacinthe Y. Somé & Marcelo Cano‐Kollmann & Ram Mudambi & Jean‐Claude Cosset, 2021. "The effect of privatization on the characteristics of innovation," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 50(3), pages 875-898, September.
    17. Yujin Jeong & Jordan I. Siegel, 2018. "Threat of falling high status and corporate bribery: Evidence from the revealed accounting records of two South Korean presidents," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 39(4), pages 1083-1111, April.
    18. Xi Zhong & Liuyang Ren & Tiebo Song, 2022. "Beyond Market Strategies: How Multiple Decision-Maker Groups Jointly Influence Underperforming Firms’ Corporate Social (Ir)responsibility," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 178(2), pages 481-499, June.
    19. Pei Sun & Jonathan P. Doh & Tazeeb Rajwani & Donald Siegel, 2021. "Navigating cross-border institutional complexity: A review and assessment of multinational nonmarket strategy research," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 52(9), pages 1818-1853, December.
    20. Gupta, Kartick, 2017. "Are oil and gas firms more likely to engage in unethical practices than other firms?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 101-112.
    21. Xu, Kai & Hitt, Michael A. & Brock, David & Pisano, Vincenzo & Huang, Lulu S.R., 2021. "Country institutional environments and international strategy: A review and analysis of the research," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 27(1).
    22. Banerjee, Rajabrata & Gupta, Kartick & Krishnamurti, Chandrasekhar, 2022. "Does corrupt practice increase the implied cost of equity?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    23. Kouznetsov, Alex & Kim, Sarah & Wright, Chris, 2019. "An audit of received international business corruption literature for logic, consistency, completeness of coverage," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 25(4).
    24. Yan-Leung Cheung & P. Raghavendra Rau & Aris Stouraitis, 2021. "What Determines the Return to Bribery? Evidence from Corruption Cases Worldwide," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(10), pages 6235-6265, October.

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