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Democracy and Football

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Listed:
  • Ignacio Lago
  • Carlos Lago-Peñas
  • Santiago Lago-Peñas

Abstract

In this paper we explore to what extent political regimes affect the competitive balance in domestic football (soccer) leagues. Relying on data from around 50 European countries and over 2,000 domestic leagues, we show that the percentage of league competitions won by the most successful club in the country is substantially lower in democracies than in non-democracies. Democratic transitions and higher levels of democracy trigger pressures to increase the competitive balance in football leagues in two ways. First, the link between non-democracies and specific teams breaks when a country experiences a transition to democracy. Second, the economic liberalization that takes place in transitions to democracy disperses resources and generates competition among descending and ascending teams. Finally, the competitive balance of domestic leagues has not been greatly affected by the Bosman transfer ruling, a sectorial liberalization shock on football labor markets.
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Suggested Citation

  • Ignacio Lago & Carlos Lago-Peñas & Santiago Lago-Peñas, 2016. "Democracy and Football," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 97(5), pages 1282-1294, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:socsci:v:97:y:2016:i:5:p:1282-1294
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ssqu.2016.97.issue-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Ignacio Lago & Carlos Lago‐Peñas & Santiago Lago‐Peñas, 2019. "Decentralization and Football," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 100(1), pages 163-175, February.
    2. Roșca Vlad I., 2017. "The Europeanisation of Romanian football: What do UEFA country coefficients reveal?," Management & Marketing, Sciendo, vol. 12(4), pages 652-673, December.
    3. Kin-Man Wan & Ka-U Ng & Thung-Hong Lin, 2020. "The Political Economy of Football: Democracy, Income Inequality, and Men’s National Football Performance," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 151(3), pages 981-1013, October.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Restaurants; Recreation; Tourism
    • P52 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Comparative Economic Systems - - - Comparative Studies of Particular Economies

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