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The effects of a large industrial investment on employment in a remote and sparsely populated area using a synthetic control approach

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  • Evans Korang Adjei
  • Rikard Eriksson
  • Johan Lundberg

Abstract

This article examines the impact of establishing a large industrial manufacturing entity on employment and the labor market in a remote, sparsely populated part of Sweden, focusing on how it affects total regional employment because industrial policies aiming to attract investment and reignite employment in stagnating regions have been a central policy tool. The empirical analysis is based on the synthetic control method, which enables the estimation of place‐specific causal effects. Using aggregated microdata from 1995 to 2019, the results indicate that employment in the treated region, as compared to synthetic regions, has been negatively affected by the manufacturing establishment. However, the short‐ and long‐term effects differ across different labor market segments (same, related, and unrelated industries) and according to firm size. Overall, the findings suggest that large manufacturing investment does not necessarily have a positive or instantaneous impact on total regional employment. It does, however, provide some potential for long‐term diversification because employment in related activities grows in the long run. Este artículo examina el impacto del establecimiento de una gran entidad industrial manufacturera en el empleo y el mercado laboral de una zona remota y escasamente poblada de Suecia, para lo cuál se centra en cómo afecta al empleo regional total, ya que las políticas industriales destinadas a atraer inversiones y reactivar el empleo en regiones estancadas han sido una herramienta política esencial. El análisis empírico se basa en el método de control sintético, que permite estimar los efectos causales específicos de cada lugar. Se utilizaron microdatos agregados de 1995 a 2019, y los resultados indican que el empleo en la región de estudio, en comparación con las regiones sintéticas, se ha visto afectado negativamente por la entidad manufacturera. Sin embargo, los efectos a corto y largo plazo difieren entre los distintos segmentos del mercado laboral (mismo sector, sectores relacionados y no relacionados) y según el tamaño de la empresa. En general, los resultados sugieren que las grandes inversiones manufactureras no tienen necesariamente un impacto positivo o instantáneo en el empleo regional total. Sin embargo, ofrece cierto potencial para la diversificación a largo plazo porque el empleo en actividades relacionadas crece a la larga. 景気の低迷が続く地域に投資を呼び込み、雇用の再活性化を目的とした産業政策が政策手段の中心となってきたことから、本稿ではスウェーデンの辺境の人口の少ない地域における大規模な工業生産施設の設立が雇用と労働市場に与える影響を、地域全体の雇用にどのような影響を与えるかに焦点を当てて検証する。実証分析は合成コントロール法に基づいており、場所固有の因果効果の推定が可能である。1995~2019年までの集計されたマイクロデータを使用したところ、結果から、合成した他の地域と比較して、当該地域の雇用が生産施設の設立によって悪影響を受けることが示される。しかし、短期的・長期的な影響は、労働市場の部門(同業種、関連業種、非関連業種)や企業の規模によって異なる。概して、この結果から、生産施設への大型投資は、地域全体の雇用に必ずしもプラスまたは即効性のある影響を与えないことが示唆される。しかし、長期的には関連活動での雇用が増加するため、長期的な多角化の可能性はある程度与えられる。

Suggested Citation

  • Evans Korang Adjei & Rikard Eriksson & Johan Lundberg, 2023. "The effects of a large industrial investment on employment in a remote and sparsely populated area using a synthetic control approach," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(7), pages 1553-1576, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:15:y:2023:i:7:p:1553-1576
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12694
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