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The Space Between: Demonization of Opponents and Policy Divergence

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  • Juniper Katz

Abstract

Prior research on policy conflicts indicates a tendency among policy actors to misperceive the influence of actors engaged in policy debates based on the degree of distance between their relative policy positions. This research develops a measure for assessing the degree and direction of the misperception effect. This measure is then utilized as a dependent variable to assess the relationship between theoretically relevant factors and the degree to which actors will exaggerate the influence of their opponents and allies. The research uses original survey data of policy actors engaged in the debate over hydraulic fracturing in New York. The results indicate misperceptions of relative influence are prevalent and most associated with the experience of a policy loss and holding relatively extreme policy beliefs. The findings provide new insight into factors that influence the demonization of political opponents. These insights are timely in the context of polarized debates over environmental and energy policy in the United States.将对手“妖魔化†和政策分歧之间的间隔 ä»¥å¾€å…³äºŽæ”¿ç­–å†²çª çš„ç ”ç©¶è¡¨æ˜Žï¼šè®¸å¤šæ”¿ç­–è¡Œä¸ºè€…å¾€å¾€ä¼šåŸºäºŽå „è‡ªç›¸å¯¹æ”¿ç­–ç«‹åœºçš„å·®å¼‚ç¨‹åº¦, è€Œè¯¯è§£å ‚ä¸Žæ”¿ç­–è¾©è®ºçš„è¡Œä¸ºè€…æ‰€äº§ç”Ÿçš„å½±å“ ã€‚æœ¬ç ”ç©¶æ å‡ºä¸€ç§ æ–¹æ³•, ç”¨äºŽè¯„ä¼°æ­¤è¯¯è§£çš„ç¨‹åº¦å’Œæ–¹å ‘ã€‚è¯¥æ–¹æ³•æŽ¥ç €è¢«ç”¨ä½œä¸€ä¸ªå› å ˜é‡ , è¯„ä¼°ç †è®ºç›¸å…³å› ç´ ä¹‹é—´çš„å…³ç³», å Œæ—¶è¯„ä¼°è¡Œä¸ºè€…å°†åœ¨å¤šå¤§ç¨‹åº¦ä¸Šå¤¸å¤§å…¶è ”ç›Ÿå’Œå¯¹æ‰‹çš„å½±å“ åŠ›ã€‚æœ¬ç ”ç©¶ä½¿ç”¨çš„åŽŸå§‹è°ƒæŸ¥æ•°æ ®å –è‡ªå ‚ä¸Žè¾©è®ºçš„æ”¿ç­–è¡Œä¸ºè€…, ä»–ä»¬å¯¹çº½çº¦å¸‚æ°´åŠ›åŽ‹è£‚ä½œä¸šè¿›è¡Œäº†è¾©è®ºã€‚ç ”ç©¶ç»“æžœè¡¨æ˜Ž, å…³äºŽç›¸å¯¹å½±å“ åŠ›çš„è¯¯è§£æ™®é 存在, å¹¶ä¸”å¤§å¤šæ•°è¯¯è§£éƒ½ä¸Žæ”¿ç­–è¡Œä¸ºè€…çš„ç» åŽ†æœ‰è ”ç³», å Žè€…ç» åŽ†è¿‡æ”¿ç­–æ€§äº æ Ÿ, äºŽæ˜¯æ‰€æŒ çš„æ”¿ç­–ä¿¡å¿µç›¸å¯¹æž ç«¯ã€‚ç ”ç©¶å ‘çŽ°æ ä¾›äº†æ–°çš„è§ è§£, ç”¨äºŽçœ‹å¾…å½±å“ æ”¿æ²»å¯¹æ‰‹è¢«å¦–é­”åŒ–ï¼ˆdemonizationï¼‰çš„ä¸ å Œå› ç´ ã€‚åœ¨ç¾Žå›½çŽ¯å¢ƒå’Œèƒ½æº æ”¿ç­–è¾©è®ºä¸¤æž åŒ–çš„èƒŒæ™¯ä¸‹, è¿™äº›è§ è§£çš„æ ä¾›å åˆ†å Šæ—¶ã€‚El Espacio Intermedio: La Demonización de los Opositores y la Divergencia Política La investigación previa acerca de los conflictos políticos indica una tendencia entre los actores políticos a percibir incorrectamente la influencia de los actores involucrados en debates políticos basándose en el grado de distancia entre sus posiciones políticas relativas. Esta investigación desarrolla una medida para evaluar el grado y dirección del efecto de la percepción incorrecta. Esta medida se utiliza como una variable dependiente para evaluar la relación entre los factores teóricamente relevantes y el grado en el que los actores exagerarán su influencia sobre los opositores y aliados. La investigación utiliza datos de encuesta originales de actores políticos involucrados en un debate sobre la fracturación hidráulica en Nueva York. Los resultados indican que las percepciones incorrectas de la influencia relativa son prevalentes y mayoritariamente asociados con la experiencia de una pérdida política y con creencias políticas relativamente extremas. Los hallazgos proveen nueva información acerca de los factores que influencian la demonización de los opositores políticos. Esta información es muy oportuna en el contexto de los debates polarizados acerca de las políticas ambientales y energéticas en los Estados Unidos.

Suggested Citation

  • Juniper Katz, 2018. "The Space Between: Demonization of Opponents and Policy Divergence," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 35(2), pages 280-301, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:35:y:2018:i:2:p:280-301
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12279
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    Cited by:

    1. Hannes R. Stephan, 2020. "Shaping the Scope of Conflict in Scotland’s Fracking Debate: Conflict Management and the Narrative Policy Framework," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 37(1), pages 64-91, January.
    2. Gwen Arnold, 2022. "A threat-centered theory of policy entrepreneurship," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 55(1), pages 23-45, March.
    3. Laura Cervi & Santiago Tejedor & Mónica Gracia Villar, 2023. "Twitting Against the Enemy: Populist Radical Right Parties Discourse Against the (Political) “Other”," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 11(2), pages 235-248.
    4. Aerang Nam & Christopher M. Weible & Kyudong Park, 2022. "Polarization and frames of advocacy coalitions in South Korea's nuclear energy policy," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 39(4), pages 387-410, July.

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