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The Distribution Of Public Expenditure Among Households In The United States

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  • Patricia Ruggles
  • Michael O'Higgins

Abstract

This paper presents an analysis of the distributive impact of government expenditures in the United States. The analysis uses a household‐level microdata file drawn from the 1970 U.S. Census of Population, with additional income and tax variables drawn from the Internal Revenue Service 1969—70 Tax File. The results are presented at both federal and local levels and include analyses of the distribution of individual benefits, as well as of overall taxes and net benefits. Since a microdata file was used, distributional effects are examined with respect not only to the “traditional” variables of income class and household size, but also with regard to the number of earners in the household and the sex and race of the household head. In a further paper in a subsequent issue of this review we will present the results of a similar analysis for the United Kingdom, and compare the results for the two countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Patricia Ruggles & Michael O'Higgins, 1981. "The Distribution Of Public Expenditure Among Households In The United States," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 27(2), pages 137-164, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:revinw:v:27:y:1981:i:2:p:137-164
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-4991.1981.tb00207.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Edward N. Wolff & Ajit Zacharias & Asena Caner, 2005. "Household wealth, public consumption and economic well-being in the United States," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 29(6), pages 1073-1090, November.
    2. Edward N. Wolff & Ajit Zacharias & Thomas Masterson & Selcuk Eren & Andrew Sharpe & Elspeth Hazell, 2012. "A Comparison of Inequality and Living Standards in Canada and the United States Using an Expanded Measure of Economic Well-Being," Economics Working Paper Archive wp_703, Levy Economics Institute.
    3. Ali Enami & Nora Lustig & Rodrigo Aranda, 2016. "Analytic Foundations: Measuring the Redistributive Impact of Taxes and Transfers," Commitment to Equity (CEQ) Working Paper Series 25, Tulane University, Department of Economics.
    4. Lukas Riedel & Holger Stichnoth, 2024. "Government consumption in the DINA framework: allocation methods and consequences for post-tax income inequality," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 31(3), pages 736-779, June.
    5. Hamid R. Davoodi & Erwin R Tiongson & Sawitree Sachjapinan Asawanuchit, 2010. "Benefit Incidence of Public Education and Health Spending Worldwide: Evidence From A New Database," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 2(2), pages 5-52, May.
    6. Edward N. Wolff & Ajit Zacharias & Hyunsub Kum & Robert Haveman, 2007. "Net Government Expenditures and the Economic Well-being of the Elderly in the United States, 1989–2001," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Dimitri B. Papadimitriou (ed.), Government Spending on the Elderly, chapter 4, pages 81-122, Palgrave Macmillan.
    7. Ali Enami & Nora Lustig & Rodrigo Aranda, 2016. "Analytic Foundations: Measuring the Redistributive Impact of Taxes and Transfers," Commitment to Equity (CEQ) Working Paper Series 1325, Tulane University, Department of Economics.
    8. Lustig, Nora & Martinez Pabon, Valentina & Pessino, Carola, 2023. "Fiscal policy, income redistribution, and poverty reduction in Latin America," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 120683, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    9. Matt Jensen & Will Ensor & Amy Xu & Anderson Frailey, 2017. "A budget-neutral universal basic income," AEI Economics Working Papers 930433, American Enterprise Institute.
    10. Krusell, Per & Quadrini, Vincenzo & Rios-Rull, Jose-Victor, 1996. "Are consumption taxes really better than income taxes?," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 475-503, June.
    11. Ron Crawford & Grant Johnston, 2004. "Household incomes in New Zealand: The impact of the market, taxes and government spending, 1987/88–1997/98," Treasury Working Paper Series 04/20, New Zealand Treasury.
    12. Daniel P. Hewitt, 1987. "The Benefit Incidence of Consumption Public Goods," Public Finance Review, , vol. 15(2), pages 138-165, April.
    13. Lustig, Nora & Martinez Pabon, Valentina & Pessino, Carola, 2023. "Fiscal Policy, Income Redistribution, and Poverty Reduction in Latin America," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 13193, Inter-American Development Bank.
    14. Lukas Riedel & Holger Stichnoth, 2022. "Government Expenditure in the DINA Framework: Allocation Methods and Consequences for Post-Tax Income Inequality," Working Papers of BETA 2022-06, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, UDS, Strasbourg.
    15. Edward C. Kienzle, 1984. "Post-Fisc Distributions of Income: Reply," Public Finance Review, , vol. 12(2), pages 241-244, April.
    16. Benjamin Bridges JR, 1984. "Post-Fisc Distributions of Income: Comment," Public Finance Review, , vol. 12(2), pages 231-240, April.

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