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The Impact of the 9/11 Events on the American and French Stock Markets

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  • Bertrand B. Maillet
  • Thierry L. Michel

Abstract

Markets reacted strongly to the World Trade Center attacks both in Europe and in the United States. The extent of this crisis was difficult to assess at the time, underlining the need for a specific tool to measure the magnitude of financial crises. A first measure was recently proposed and applied to the foreign exchange market by Zumbach et al. (2000a,b). Their measure relies on an analogy with geophysics; the related index of market shocks (IMS) that we propose here is also the counterpart of the Richter scale used for earthquakes. We apply this measure on the French and the American stock markets to put large market events into perspective. The crisis triggered by the September attacks was actually the worst since 1987, and the ninth worst when compared to major historical ones.

Suggested Citation

  • Bertrand B. Maillet & Thierry L. Michel, 2005. "The Impact of the 9/11 Events on the American and French Stock Markets," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(3), pages 597-611, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:reviec:v:13:y:2005:i:3:p:597-611
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9396.2005.00525.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fulvio Corsi & Gilles Zumbach & Ulrich A. Muller & Michel M. Dacorogna, 2001. "Consistent High-precision Volatility from High-frequency Data," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 30(2), pages 183-204, July.
    2. Benoit Mandelbrot & Adlai Fisher & Laurent Calvet, 1997. "A Multifractal Model of Asset Returns," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1164, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
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    Cited by:

    1. Konstantinos Drakos, 2010. "The determinants of terrorist shocks' cross‐market transmission," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 11(2), pages 147-163, March.
    2. Thai-Ha Le & Donghyun Park & Cong-Phu-Khanh Tran & Binh Tran-Nam, 2018. "The Impact of the Hai Yang Shi You 981 Event on Vietnam’s Stock Markets," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 17(3_suppl), pages 344-375, December.
    3. Bos, J.W.B. & Frömmel, M. & Lamers, M., 2013. "FDI, terrorism and the availability heuristic for U.S. investors before and after 9/11," Research Memorandum 047, Maastricht University, Graduate School of Business and Economics (GSBE).
    4. Charles, Amelie & Darne, Olivier, 2006. "Large shocks and the September 11th terrorist attacks on international stock markets," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 23(4), pages 683-698, July.
    5. Blau, Benjamin M. & Griffith, Todd G., 2016. "Price clustering and the stability of stock prices," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(10), pages 3933-3942.
    6. John Garvey & Martin Mullins, 2009. "An Examination of "New" and "Old" Terrorism Using High-Frequency Data," Economics of Security Working Paper Series 18, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    7. Corbet, Shaen & Gurdgiev, Constantin & Meegan, Andrew, 2018. "Long-term stock market volatility and the influence of terrorist attacks in Europe," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 118-131.
    8. Alexander Subbotin, 2008. "A multi-horizon scale for volatility," Post-Print halshs-00261514, HAL.
    9. Gan Jin & Md Rafiul Karim & Günther G. Schulze, 2024. "The Stock Market Effects of Islamist versus Non-Islamist Terror," CESifo Working Paper Series 10960, CESifo.
    10. Li Cheng & Jermoe Kueh Swee Hui, 2023. "A Research on the Impact of Global Stock Market Co-movement during Covid-19 Epidemic," International Business Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 16(3), pages 1-31, March.
    11. Konstantinos Drakos, 2009. "Cross-Country Stock Market Reactions to Major Terror Events: The Role of Risk Perception," Economics of Security Working Paper Series 16, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    12. Goutam Dutta & Pankaj Jha & Arnab Kumar Laha & Neeraj Mohan, 2006. "Artificial Neural Network Models for Forecasting Stock Price Index in the Bombay Stock Exchange," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 5(3), pages 283-295, December.
    13. Peng, Kang-Lin & Wu, Chih-Hung & Lin, Pearl M.C. & Kou, IokTeng Esther, 2023. "Investor sentiment in the tourism stock market," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(C).
    14. Narayan, S. & Le, T.-H. & Sriananthakumar, S., 2018. "The influence of terrorism risk on stock market integration: Evidence from eight OECD countries," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 247-259.
    15. Abdelbaki, Hisham, 2013. "The Impact of Arab Spring on Stock Market Performance," MPRA Paper 54814, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. John Garvey & Martin Mullins, 2008. "Contemporary Terrorism: Risk Perception in the London Options Market," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 28(1), pages 151-160, February.
    17. Chang, Chiu-Lan & Cai, Qingyun, 2023. "Stock return anomalies identification during the Covid-19 with the application of a grouped multiple comparison procedure," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 168-183.

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