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Preliminary Evaluation of the HECM Reverse Mortgage Program

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  • Bradford Case
  • Ann B. Schnare

Abstract

This paper describes and evaluates the Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM) insurance demonstration, designed to encourage the development of private reverse mortgage programs by insuring lenders against the risks associated with new mortgage lending programs and with reverse mortgages in particular. The paper evaluates demand for the program by analyzing the attributes of participating borrowers, their properties and the types of payment options chosen. It also presents several observations regarding participation by the financial community in the HECM demonstration, required counseling and legal and regulatory issues that may hamper the growth and development of reverse mortgage programs in general. The findings suggest strong demand for reverse mortgages among “house‐rich, cash‐poor” elderly homeowners, either to supplement inadequate current incomes or to provide a reserve against unexpected lump‐sum expenses. The flexible design of the HECM program addresses a wide variety of borrower financial needs, even though it imposes higher costs on lenders and servicers. The continued growth of the program, however, is hindered by a shortage of qualified housing counselors in some areas, as well as by a variety of legal and regulatory barriers.

Suggested Citation

  • Bradford Case & Ann B. Schnare, 1994. "Preliminary Evaluation of the HECM Reverse Mortgage Program," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 22(2), pages 301-346, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:reesec:v:22:y:1994:i:2:p:301-346
    DOI: 10.1111/1540-6229.00636
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    Cited by:

    1. Hui Shan, 2011. "Reversing the Trend: The Recent Expansion of the Reverse Mortgage Market," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 39(4), pages 743-768, December.
    2. Ruth Hancock, 1998. "Can housing wealth alleviate poverty among Britain's older population?," Fiscal Studies, Institute for Fiscal Studies, vol. 19(3), pages 249-272, August.
    3. Yung-Tsung Lee & Tianxiang Shi, 2022. "Valuation of Reverse Mortgages with Surrender: A Utility Approach," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 65(4), pages 593-621, November.
    4. James Conklin & Kristopher Gerardi & Lauren Lambie-Hanson, 2022. "Can Everyone Tap Into the Housing Piggy Bank? Racial Disparities in Access to Home Equity," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 2022-17, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    5. Nandinee K. Kutty, 1998. "The Scope for Poverty Alleviation among Elderly Home-owners in the United States through Reverse Mortgages," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 35(1), pages 113-129, January.
    6. Hyung-Suk Choi, 2019. "A Numerical Analysis to Study Whether the Early Termination of Reverse Mortgages is Rational," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-10, December.
    7. Dillingh, Rik & Prast, Henriette & Rossi, Mariacristina & Urzì Brancati, Cesira, 2017. "Who wants to have their home and eat it too? Interest in reverse mortgages in the Netherlands," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 25-37.
    8. Dillingh, Rik, 2016. "Empirical essays on behavioral economics and lifecycle decisions," Other publications TiSEM 0e2143e3-bd86-4302-90eb-e, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    9. Wei Han & Ping Wang & Hao Xu & June-Sung Choi, 2017. "Evaluation of the Reverse Mortgage Option in Hong Kong," Asian Economic Journal, East Asian Economic Association, vol. 31(2), pages 187-210, June.
    10. Seungryul Ma & Yongheng Deng, 2006. "Insurance Premium Structure of Reverse Mortgage Loans in Korea," Working Paper 8568, USC Lusk Center for Real Estate.
    11. Timothy Jones & Dean Gatzlaff & G. Stacy Sirmans, 2016. "Housing Market Dynamics: Disequilibrium, Mortgage Default, and Reverse Mortgages," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 53(3), pages 269-281, October.

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