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Commuting time, public exposure and victimization: Evidence from Brazilian metropolitan regions

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  • Raul Silveira Neto
  • Klebson Moura

Abstract

Routine activities theory establishes that the greater the exposure to public spaces with weak guardianship the higher the probability of being a victim of urban violence. Using a unique dataset for the year 2009 that includes all Brazilian metropolitan regions, we provide evidence for the causal effect of a long commute time on the chance of being a victim of violence in these urban centres. The set of evidence was obtained by applying propensity score matching techniques to create counterfactuals and is robust to different robustness checks and sensitivity analysis. La teoría de las actividades rutinarias establece que cuanto mayor es la exposición a espacios públicos con una tutela débil, mayor es la probabilidad de ser víctima de la violencia urbana. Mediante el empleo de un conjunto de datos único para el año 2009 que incluye todas las regiones metropolitanas brasileñas, se proporciona evidencia del efecto causal de un largo tiempo de desplazamiento al trabajo en la posibilidad de ser víctima de la violencia en estos centros urbanos. El conjunto de pruebas se obtuvo mediante la aplicación de técnicas de pareamiento por puntaje de propensión para crear contrafactuales y es robusto respecto a diferentes comprobaciones de la robustez y a un análisis de sensibilidad. 日常活動理論は、防犯対策が希薄な公共の場所への接触が多いほど、都市における暴力の犠牲になる確立が高くなるという理論を確立している。本稿では、2009年のブラジルのすべての大都市圏の独自のデータセットを用いて、長い通勤・通学時間と都市中心部で暴力の犠牲になる確立との因果効果を示すエビデンスを提示する。反事実 (counterfactual)を求める傾向スコアマッチングにより得られたエビデンスは、様々な頑健性チェックと感度分析に対して頑健であった。

Suggested Citation

  • Raul Silveira Neto & Klebson Moura, 2019. "Commuting time, public exposure and victimization: Evidence from Brazilian metropolitan regions," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 98(2), pages 1159-1175, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:presci:v:98:y:2019:i:2:p:1159-1175
    DOI: 10.1111/pirs.12382
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    Cited by:

    1. José Ignacio Giménez-Nadal & Lucía Echeverría & Alberto Molina, 2023. "Citizen security and urban commuting in Latin America," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 60(13), pages 2585-2611, October.
    2. Suchi Kapoor Malhotra & Howard White & Nina Ashley O. Dela Cruz & Ashrita Saran & John Eyers & Denny John & Ella Beveridge & Nina Blöndal, 2021. "Studies of the effectiveness of transport sector interventions in low‐ and middle‐income countries: An evidence and gap map," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(4), December.
    3. Seabra, Deborah Maria da Silva & Azzoni, Carlos Roberto, 2023. "It is all about social norms: Gender differences incommuting times in Brazilian cities," Revista Brasileira de Estudos Regionais e Urbanos, Associação Brasileira de Estudos Regionais e Urbanos (ABER), vol. 17(2), pages 155-187.
    4. Leandro Batista Duarte & Raul da Mota Silveira Neto & Diego Firmino Costa da Silva, 2023. "The relevance of job accessibility to labour market outcomes: Evidence for the São Paulo metropolitan region," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 60(16), pages 3233-3251, December.

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