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Border Effects in Passenger Air Traffic

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  • Henning Klodt

Abstract

The empirical literature on border effects suggests that national borders substantially reduce the level of economic transactions. This paper adds another piece of evidence to the significance of border effects by applying a new data set which is completely independent of the data sets of previous studies. Our data refer to domestic and international passenger departures from German airports. The econometric results indicate that the German border reduces passenger air traffic by a factor of four to five. This magnitude is in line with the results of previous studies for trade and investment flows. Die empirische Literatur zum Einfluss von Grenzen hat gezeigt, dass nationale Grenzen den Umfang von ökonomischen Transaktionen beträchtlich reduzieren. Dieser Beitrag präsentiert einen weiteren Beleg für die Relevanz von Grenzen, indem ein neuer Datensatz ausgewertet wird, der vollständig unabhängig von den in früheren Studien verwendeten Datensätzen ist. Unsere Daten beziehen sich auf die Passagierzahlen bei nationalen und internationalen Abflügen von deutschen Flughäfen. Den Schätzergebnissen zufolge reduziert die deutsche Grenze das Passagieraufkommen im Flugverkehr um den Faktor vier bis fünf. Diese Größenordnung steht in Einklang mit den Grenzeffekten, wie sie in anderen Studien für Handels‐ und Investitionsströme gemessen worden sind. La littérature empirique sur les effets des frontières suggère que le niveau des transactions économiques est fortement réduit par les frontières nationales. Cet article propose de contribuer à ce débat en utilisant une nouvelle base de données qui se différencie substantiellement de celles utilisées jusqu'à présent. Nous utilisons des données sur le nombre de passagers au départ d'aéroports allemands vers des destinations nationales et internationales. Les résultats économétriques démontrent que l'existence des frontières allemandes réduit le trafic de passagers aériens par un facteur de quatre à cinq. Cet ordre de grandeur est comparable aux études antérieures concernant le commerce et les flux d'investissement.

Suggested Citation

  • Henning Klodt, 2004. "Border Effects in Passenger Air Traffic," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 57(4), pages 519-532, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:kyklos:v:57:y:2004:i:4:p:519-532
    DOI: 10.1111/j.0023-5962.2004.00267.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Thierry Mayer & Keith Head, 2002. "Illusory Border Effects: Distance Mismeasurement Inflates Estimates of Home Bias in Trade," Working Papers 2002-01, CEPII research center.
    2. John F. Helliwell & Ross McKitrick, 1999. "Comparing Capital Mobility Across Provincial and National Borders," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 32(5), pages 1164-1173, November.
    3. Shang-Jin Wei, 1996. "Intra-National versus International Trade: How Stubborn are Nations in Global Integration?," NBER Working Papers 5531, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    1. Dobruszkes, Frédéric & Vandermotten, Christian, 2022. "Do scale and the type of markets matter? Revisiting the determinants of passenger air services worldwide," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    2. Pařil Vilém & Viturka Milan, 2020. "Assessment of Priorities of Construction of High-Speed Rail in the Czech Republic in Terms of Impacts on Internal and External Integration," Review of Economic Perspectives, Sciendo, vol. 20(2), pages 217-241, June.
    3. Gallet, Craig A. & Doucouliagos, Hristos, 2014. "The income elasticity of air travel: A meta-analysis," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 141-155.
    4. Neumannová Michaela & Pařil Vilém & Hrůza Filip & Jakubčinová Martina & Farbiak Martin, 2023. "Regional and local border effects after two decades of Central European unification. What matters?," Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development, Sciendo, vol. 27(2), pages 41-51, April.
    5. Frédéric Dobruszkes & Christian Vandermotten, 2022. "Do scale and the type of markets matter? Revisiting the determinants of passenger air services worldwide," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/336304, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    6. Hazledine, Tim, 2009. "Border effects for domestic and international Canadian passenger air travel," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 7-13.
    7. Laaser, Claus-Friedrich & Schrader, Klaus, 2005. "Aufstrebende Standorte im Zentrum Europas: die Rolle der Slowakei und der Tschechischen Republik auf dem Europäischen Binnenmarkt," Open Access Publications from Kiel Institute for the World Economy 3762, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    8. Pařil, Vilém & Tomeš, Zdeněk & Urbanovská, Karolína & Horňák, Marcel, 2022. "Passenger air traffic in Central Europe," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    9. Hazledine, Tim, 2014. "Searching for the sweet spot: The determinants of direct services from Canadian airports," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 50-55.

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