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Extended Producer Responsibility in the United States

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  • Jennifer Nash
  • Christopher Bosso

Abstract

Extended producer responsibility (EPR) is a policy approach that requires manufacturers to finance the costs of recycling or safely disposing of products consumers no longer want. This article describes the evolution of EPR policies in the United States, focusing on the role of states as policy actors. For their part, federal lawmakers have not embraced EPR policies except to remove some barriers to state‐level initiatives. In the two‐decade period from 1991 to 2011, U.S. states enacted more than 70 EPR laws. In addition, manufacturers have implemented voluntary programs to collect and recycle products, but those efforts have proven largely ineffective in capturing significant quantities of waste products. With the help of new coalitions of diverse interest groups, recently states have renewed efforts to establish effective EPR programs, enacting 40 laws in the period 2008–2011. Several state initiatives suggest a more promising future for EPR.

Suggested Citation

  • Jennifer Nash & Christopher Bosso, 2013. "Extended Producer Responsibility in the United States," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 17(2), pages 175-185, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:inecol:v:17:y:2013:i:2:p:175-185
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00572.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Choi, Taelim, 2017. "Environmental impact of voluntary extended producer responsibility: The case of carpet recycling," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 76-84.
    2. Hickle, Garth T., 2014. "An examination of governance within extended producer responsibility policy regimes in North America," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 55-65.
    3. Jian Cao & Jiayun Zeng & Yuting Yan & Xihui Chen, 2020. "Research on an Enterprise Remanufacturing Strategy Based on Government Intervention," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-27, December.
    4. Ximin (Natalie) Huang & Atalay Atasu & L. Beril Toktay, 2019. "Design Implications of Extended Producer Responsibility for Durable Products," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(6), pages 2573-2590, June.
    5. Xiong Zheng & Fangchao Xu & Lipan Feng, 2017. "Analysis of Driving Factors for Extended Producer Responsibility by Using Interpretative Structure Modelling (ISM) and Analytic Network Process (ANP)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-17, March.
    6. Florin Constantin Mihai & Maria-Grazie Gnoni & Christia Meidiana & Chukwunonye Ezeah & Valerio Elia, 2019. "Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE): Flows, Quantities, and Management—A Global Scenario," Post-Print hal-02276468, HAL.
    7. Bandar Alkhayyal, 2019. "Corporate Social Responsibility Practices in the U.S.: Using Reverse Supply Chain Network Design and Optimization Considering Carbon Cost," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-22, April.
    8. Forlin, Valeria & Scholz, Eva-Maria, 2020. "Strategic take-back programs when consumers have heterogeneous environmental preferences," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).

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