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Growth and Change in U.S. Cities and Suburbs

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  • Robin M. Leichenko

Abstract

Differential rates of growth and decentralization are processes that characterized U.S. urban areas over the past three decades. This paper examines the determinants of growth in cities and suburbs during the 1970s, the 1980s, and the 1990s. The modeling approach adopted in the study allows for simultaneity between population and employment, and between cities and suburbs, while also taking into account a range of other explanatory factors. Results indicate that population and employment growth in cities tend to be jointly determined, but that growth of employment in the suburbs tends to drive growth of suburban population. Results also suggest that suburban and city growth are interrelated, but that the nature of these interrelationships varies over time: suburban growth promoted city growth during the 1970s and 1980s, while city and suburban growth were jointly determined during the 1990s. Other factors that consistently explain variation in city growth include demographics, population density, crime rates, and income inequality. Factors consistently explaining suburban growth include regional location and climate.

Suggested Citation

  • Robin M. Leichenko, 2001. "Growth and Change in U.S. Cities and Suburbs," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(3), pages 326-354.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:growch:v:32:y:2001:i:3:p:326-354
    DOI: 10.1111/0017-4815.00162
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    Cited by:

    1. Riadh Harizi, 2023. "Maritime infrastructure and growth: econometric measurement using panel data from Tunisia," Journal of Shipping and Trade, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 1-17, December.
    2. Funderburg, Richard G. & Nixon, Hilary & Boarnet, Marlon G. & Ferguson, Gavin, 2010. "New highways and land use change: Results from a quasi-experimental research design," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 44(2), pages 76-98, February.
    3. Shu-hen Chiang, 2018. "Assessing the Merits of the Urban-Led Policy in China: Spread or Backwash Effect?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-14, February.
    4. Joshua C. Hall & Josh Matti & Yang Zhou, 2020. "The economic impact of city–county consolidations: a synthetic control approach," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 184(1), pages 43-77, July.
    5. Matti, Josh & Zhou, Yang, 2022. "Money is money: The economic impact of BerkShares," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    6. Daniel Liviano & Josep-Maria Arauzo-Carod, 2012. "Spatial Exploration of Age Distribution in Catalan Municipalities," ERSA conference papers ersa12p81, European Regional Science Association.
    7. Marlon G. Boarnet & Saksith Chalermpong & Elizabeth Geho, 2005. "Specification issues in models of population and employment growth," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 84(1), pages 21-46, March.
    8. Shu-Hen Chiang, 2014. "The dilemma of "Twin Cities": is the suburban dependence hypothesis applicable?," Journal of Economic Policy Reform, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(2), pages 149-163, June.
    9. Luca Salvati, 2020. "Envisaging long-term urban dynamics: a spatially explicit analysis of local-scale population growth and natural balance," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 13(2), pages 165-186, August.
    10. Tingting Chen & John D. Radke & Wei Lang & Xun Li, 2020. "Environment resilience and public health: Assessing healthcare's vulnerability to climate change in the San Francisco Bay Area," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 51(2), pages 607-625, June.
    11. T. M. Tonmoy Islam, 2020. "The impact of population agglomeration of an area on its neighbors: evidence from the USA," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 65(1), pages 1-26, August.
    12. Shu‐Hen Chiang, 2012. "The Source of Metropolitan Growth: The Role of Commuting," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(1), pages 143-166, March.

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