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Climate Change and Agriculture: an Integrated Dutch Perspective

Author

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  • Roel Jongeneel
  • Ana Gonzalez‐Martinez

Abstract

The Netherlands is facing a set of serious interrelated environmental and economic challenges, some of which are developing to crisis levels. These challenges also impinge significantly on agriculture. With respect to agriculture, Phosphate, Nitrate, water and climate impacts present key environmental challenges. The preservation of biodiversity, landscapes, animal welfare and the use of antibiotics are also elements which could be added to the list. Given the multiple challenges and the need to adhere to the legal commitments of several sustainability and climate objectives, an integrated approach to addressing these challenges is needed. In other words, there is a need for policy optimisation. As a follow‐up to their commitment to the Paris Agreement, the Dutch government took action by developing a national Climate Agreement (Klimaatakkoord). In order to provide more insights into the actions needed for the longer run (until 2050), a special study exploring different scenarios was issued, the main outcomes of which are presented in this article with a focus on the climate challenge. This study suggests that there is still considerable potential from both livestock farming and agricultural soils to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, even at the current scale of the agricultural sector. Les Pays‐Bas sont confrontés à un ensemble de défis environnementaux et économiques interdépendants sérieux, dont certains tendent à se rapprocher de niveaux de crise. Ces défis affectent également de manière significative l'agriculture. Pour ce secteur, les impacts des phosphates, des nitrates, de l'eau et du climat présentent des défis environnementaux majeurs. La préservation de la biodiversité, des paysages, le bien‐être animal et l'utilisation d'antibiotiques sont également des éléments qui pourraient être ajoutés à la liste. Compte tenu de la multiplicité des défis et de la nécessité de respecter les engagements juridiques envers plusieurs objectifs de durabilité et de climat, une approche intégrée s’impose pour relever ces défis. En d'autres termes, il faut optimiser les politiques publiques. Dans le prolongement de son engagement envers l'Accord de Paris, le gouvernement néerlandais a pris des mesures en élaborant un accord national sur le climat (Klimaatakkoord). Afin de mieux comprendre les actions nécessaires à plus long terme (jusqu'en 2050), une étude particulière explorant différents scénarios a été publiée, dont les principaux résultats sont présentés dans cet article avec un focus sur le défi climatique. Cette étude suggère que l'élevage et des sols agricoles disposent encore d’un potentiel considérable pour réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre d'ici 2050, même à l'échelle actuelle du secteur agricole. Die Niederlande sind mit einer Reihe an ernst zu nehmenden, miteinander verbundenen ökologischen und wirtschaftlichen Herausforderungen konfrontiert. Einige dieser Herausforderungen können tendenziell das Ausmaß einer Krise annehmen und betreffen auch die Landwirtschaft. Hier zählen Phosphat, Nitrat, Wasser und Klimafolgen zu den wichtigsten ökologischen Herausforderungen. Der Erhalt der Artenvielfalt und von Landschaften, Tierwohl und der Antibiotikaeinsatz sind ebenfalls Aspekte, die der Liste hinzugefügt werden könnten. In Anbetracht der zahlreichen Herausforderungen und der Notwendigkeit, die gesetzlichen Verpflichtungen zu mehreren Nachhaltigkeits‐ und Klimazielen einzuhalten, ist ein ganzheitlicher Ansatz zur Bewältigung dieser Herausforderungen erforderlich. Mit anderen Worten: Es besteht Bedarf an politischer Optimierung. Als Konsequenz aus ihrer Verpflichtung zum Pariser Abkommen hat die niederländische Regierung ein nationales Klimaabkommen (Klimaatakkoord) entwickelt. Für einen detaillierten Einblick in die längerfristig (bis zum Jahr 2050) erforderlichen Maßnahmen wurde eine Studie zur Untersuchung von verschiedenen Szenarien durchgeführt und herausgegeben. Deren Hauptergebnisse stellen wir im vorliegenden Artikel mit Fokus auf die Herausforderungen im Bereich Klima vor. Die Studie deutet darauf hin, dass es sowohl bei der Tierhaltung als auch bei den landwirtschaftlichen Böden noch ein erhebliches Potenzial gibt, die Treibhausgasemissionen bis zum Jahr 2050 zu reduzieren – selbst bei der derzeitigen Größe des Agrarsektors.

Suggested Citation

  • Roel Jongeneel & Ana Gonzalez‐Martinez, 2021. "Climate Change and Agriculture: an Integrated Dutch Perspective," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 20(2), pages 30-37, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:20:y:2021:i:2:p:30-37
    DOI: 10.1111/1746-692X.12327
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gonzalez-Martinez, Ana Rosa & Jongeneel, Roel & Kros, Hans & Lesschen, Jan Peter & de Vries, Marion & Reijs, Joan & Verhoog, David, 2021. "Aligning agricultural production and environmental regulation: An integrated assessment of the Netherlands," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    2. Tinbergen, Jan, 1981. "The Use of Models: Experience and Prospects," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 71(6), pages 17-22, Special I.
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