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Off-farm work, land tenancy contracts and investment in soil conservation measures in rural Pakistan

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  • Rakhshanda Kousar
  • Awudu Abdulai

Abstract

type="main" xml:id="ajar12125-abs-0001"> This study examines the impacts of participation in off-farm work and land tenancy contracts on the intensity of investment in soil-improving measures and farm productivity. A multivariate Tobit model that accounts for potential endogeneity between the intensity of investment and the off-farm work and tenancy contract variables is estimated for 341 rural households in Punjab province of Pakistan. An instrumental variable approach is also used to analyse the impact of tenancy contract and off-farm work on farm productivity. The empirical results show that participation in off-farm work and tenure security tends to increase the intensity of investment in long-term soil-improving measures. We also find that increases in off-farm work and tenure security exert significant and positive effects on farm productivity.

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  • Rakhshanda Kousar & Awudu Abdulai, 2016. "Off-farm work, land tenancy contracts and investment in soil conservation measures in rural Pakistan," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 60(2), pages 307-325, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:ajarec:v:60:y:2016:i:2:p:307-325
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ajar.2016.60.issue-2
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    9. Wang, Yahui & Li, Xiubin & Li, Wei & Tan, Minghong, 2018. "Land titling program and farmland rental market participation in China: Evidence from pilot provinces," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 281-290.
    10. Liu, Min & Dries, Liesbeth & Heijman, Wim & Zhu, Xueqin & Deng, Xiangzheng & Huang, Jikun, 2019. "Land tenure reform and grassland degradation in Inner Mongolia, China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 181-198.
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    13. Nida Akram & Muhammad Waqar Akram & Hongshu Wang & Ayesha Mehmood, 2019. "Does Land Tenure Systems Affect Sustainable Agricultural Development?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-15, July.
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    15. Yaping He & Dandan Fu & Hua Zhang & Xiudong Wang, 2023. "Can Agricultural Production Services Influence Smallholders’ Willingness to Adjust Their Agriculture Production Modes? Evidence from Rural China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-19, February.
    16. Choi, Jiseon & Jodlowski, Margaret C., 2022. "Tenure Status and Land Investment in South Korea," 2022 Annual Meeting, July 31-August 2, Anaheim, California 322476, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    17. Bouchakour, Radhia & Saad, Mohammed, 2020. "Farm and farmer characteristics and off-farm work: evidence from Algeria," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 64(2), April.
    18. Ruixin Zhang & Lei Luo & Yuying Liu & Xinhong Fu, 2022. "Impact of Labor Migration on Chemical Fertilizer Application of Citrus Growers: Empirical Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-14, June.
    19. Martinson Ankrah Twumasi & Hongyun Zheng & Love Offeibea Asiedu-Ayeh & Anthony Siaw & Yuansheng Jiang, 2023. "Access to Financial Services and Its Impact on Household Income: Evidence from Rural Ghana," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 35(4), pages 869-890, August.
    20. Adewale Henry Adenuga & Claire Jack & Ronan McCarry, 2021. "The Case for Long-Term Land Leasing: A Review of the Empirical Literature," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-21, March.
    21. Han Zhang & Jari Kuuluvainen & Youliang Ning & Wenmei Liao & Can Liu, 2017. "Institutional Regime, Off-Farm Employment, and the Interaction Effect: What are the Determinants of Households’ Forestland Transfer in China?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-15, October.
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    23. Zheng, Linyi, 2023. "Impact of off-farm employment on cooking fuel choices: Implications for rural-urban transformation in advancing sustainable energy transformation," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).

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