Ancient Drought Prediction and Receptiveness Practices among Communities Influence on Food Security. A Critical Literature Review

Purpose: Drought prediction practices entail observing behavior of certain animals, plants, trees, winds, clouds, temperature changes and other natural phenomena at the local level. The overall objective of this study was to examine ancient drought prediction and receptiveness practices among communities' influence on food security. Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: This study concluded that the interaction between the local indigenous drought experts and the formal meteorologists is central in producing climate forecasts that are meaningful for the local community. The collaboration of the various stakeholders in developing a mitigation plan on curbing food insecurity will ultimately contribute to sustainable livelihoods achieved through appropriate timing of agricultural activities, water saving and post-harvest agro-processing. Sustainable livelihoods and the resultant food security will eventually enable the community achieve sustainable development. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: This study recommended that although farmers listen to meteorological forecasts from radios, among other formal communication media, they also use their AKS to predict droughts. There is need to strengthen the resilience and self-confidence of the local community to cope with drought disasters. This could be achieved through recognition and propagation of indigenous drought prediction and preparedness practices and values. The study also recommends in-depth examination of the invaluable input of the indigenous prediction practices for inclusion in regards to other studies to be done.