Effect of Physical Exercise on Depression Symptoms in Middle-Aged Adults in Kenya

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of physical exercise on depression symptoms in middle-aged adults in Kenya. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study indicated that physical exercise significantly reduces symptoms of depression in middle-aged adults. Regular physical activity, particularly aerobic exercises such as jogging, swimming, and cycling, has been shown to enhance mood and decrease the severity of depressive symptoms. This improvement is attributed to several factors, including the release of endorphins, which are natural mood lifters, and the reduction of stress hormones like cortisol. Additionally, exercise promotes better sleep and increases energy levels, both of which are often disrupted in individuals with depression. Studies also indicate that the social interaction and sense of achievement associated with regular exercise can contribute to its antidepressant effects, providing a holistic approach to managing depression in this age group. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Biopsychosocial model, self-efficacy theory and social cognitive theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the effect of physical exercise on depression symptoms in middle-aged adults in Kenya. Policy incorporating physical exercise as a core component of mental health treatment for middle-aged adults with depression is essential in clinical practice. Advocating for mental health parity is crucial in policy initiatives related to physical exercise and depression in middle-aged adults. Policies should prioritize mental health services and support, including coverage for evidence-based interventions such as exercise programs, within healthcare systems.