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Capital flows and credit booms in emerging market economies?

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  • Sa, S.

Abstract

Private capital began flowing back to emerging market economies (EMEs) in 2002 and continued to mid-2006. In parallel, most of these countries also witnessed rapid growth in bank credit to the private sector (BCPS). This paper seeks to determine whether this strong credit expansion reflects financial deepening or excess liquidity. In the first case, this phenomenon forms part of an economic catch-up process. In the second, the main emphasis is on the potential weakness of domestic banking systems and increased macroeconomic vulnerabilities of the concerned countries. Capital inflows tend to exacerbate these risks, such that they often coincide with credit booms. Depending on the observation period and the sample of emerging countries, between 40% and 60% of credit booms took place at a time when capital inflows were high. However, the linkage between credit booms and banking and financial crises is weaker, insofar as only 6%-20% of credit booms lead to a crisis. To explore the role of capital inflows in the observed credit expansion in EMEs, this article presents an econometric analysis of a 27-country sample over the last four years. A two-stage approach is taken: first, countries that have experienced excessive growth in bank credit to the private sector are identifi ed; second, the causality relationship between capital inflows and bank credit in these countries is examined. The main findings suggest that of the 27 EMEs, which on the whole recorded strong capital inflows over the last four years, just nine experienced a credit boom. Moreover, there does not appear to be a clear-cut causality relationship between capital inflows and BCPS. It is therefore difficult to draw general conclusions as regards financial stability. In some countries, a combination of substantial capital infl ows and credit booms may generate risks of instability if the external financing causes profound macroeconomic and financial imbalances. In other countries, massive capital infl ows and rapid credit growth may be linked to a healthier process of financial deepening.

Suggested Citation

  • Sa, S., 2006. "Capital flows and credit booms in emerging market economies?," Financial Stability Review, Banque de France, issue 9, pages 49-66, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:fisrev:2006:9:3
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    Cited by:

    1. Andreas Hoffmann, 2010. "An Overinvestment Cycle In Central And Eastern Europe?," Metroeconomica, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(4), pages 711-734, November.
    2. Virginie Coudert & Cyril Pouvelle, 2010. "Assessing the Sustainability of Credit Growth: The case of Central and Eastern European Countries," European Journal of Comparative Economics, Cattaneo University (LIUC), vol. 7(1), pages 87-120, June.
    3. Esteban Gómez & Sandra Rozo, 2008. "Beyond Bubbles: The Role of Asset Prices in Early-Warning Indicators," Revista ESPE - Ensayos Sobre Política Económica, Banco de la República, vol. 26(56), pages 114-148, June.
    4. Ryszard Kata & Malgorzata Wosiek, 2020. "Capital Mobility as a Reason for Credit Booms in the Eurozone," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(4), pages 718-738.
    5. Lahura, Erick & Chang, Giancarlo & Salazar, Oscar, 2013. "Identificación de Episodios de Auge Crediticio: Una propuesta Metodológica con Fundamentos Económicos," Working Papers 2013-011, Banco Central de Reserva del Perú.
    6. Branimir Jovanovic & Egzona Hani & Ljupka Georgievska, 2017. "Post-crisis credit slowdown in South-East Europe: return to normality?," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 44(4), pages 733-780, November.
    7. Elena Naumovska & Mihail Petkovski & Iskra Stanceva - Gigov, 2015. "Estimation Of The "Normal" Credit Growth In The Republic Of Macedonia With Regards To The Economic Fundamentals," Journal Articles, Center For Economic Analyses, pages 47-56, June.
    8. Deniz Igan & Zhibo Tan, 2017. "Capital Inflows, Credit Growth, and Financial Systems," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(12), pages 2649-2671, December.
    9. FOTO Glediana & SINAJ Valentina, 2013. "Economic Factors Interaction On The Credit Level Of The Economy. A Var Model Of Albania," Studies in Business and Economics, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Faculty of Economic Sciences, vol. 8(3), pages 41-49, Decembre.
    10. Antoine GODIN & Sakir-Devrim YILMAZ, 2020. "Modelling Small Open Developing Economies in a Financialized World: A Stock-Flow Consistent Prototype Growth Model," Working Paper 5eb7e0e8-560f-4ce6-91a5-5, Agence française de développement.
    11. Dušan Stojanović & Danilo Stojanović, 2015. "Excessive Credit Growth Or Catching Up Process: The Case Of Central, Eastern And Southeastern European Countries," Economic Annals, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Belgrade, vol. 60(206), pages 7-44, July - Se.
    12. Puspa D. Amri & Greg M. Richey & Thomas D. Willett, 2016. "Capital Surges and Credit Booms: How Tight is the Relationship?," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 27(4), pages 637-670, September.

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