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India at the global forefront in digital payments
[L’Inde à la pointe des paiements numériques]

Author

Listed:
  • Antoine Boirard
  • Clément Payerols
  • George Overton
  • Solène Soares De Albergaria
  • Lucas Vernet

Abstract

Digital payments have grown exponentially in India in recent years, thanks notably to the real time payment system, Unified Payments Interface (UPI). The rise has largely been driven by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), supported by commercial banks and India’s rich fintech ecosystem. The growth in digital payments in India dovetails with the country’s goal to enhance financial inclusion, in an economy with a sizeable unbanked population and large informal sector, and where cash use remains all pervasive. The local success of UPI could also serve as a catalyst for the creation of a central bank digital currency, and foster efficiency gains in cross border payments, which remain costly and complex, as in all emerging economies. En Inde, les paiements numériques ont fortement progressé ces dernières années, notamment grâce au système de paiement instantané Unified Payment Interface (UPI). Largement piloté par la Reserve Bank of India (RBI) et l’opérateur national des paiements, National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), cet essor s’est appuyé sur les banques commerciales et sur un riche écosystème fintech. La progression des paiements numériques en Inde rejoint les objectifs du pays en matière d’inclusion financière, dans une économie peu bancarisée et avec un secteur informel important, où l’utilisation des espèces reste très répandue. Le succès local d’UPI pourra aussi servir de catalyseur à la création d’une monnaie numérique de banque centrale, mais également à l’amélioration de l’efficacité des paiements transfrontaliers, qui restent particulièrement coûteux et complexes, comme dans d’autres économies émergentes.

Suggested Citation

  • Antoine Boirard & Clément Payerols & George Overton & Solène Soares De Albergaria & Lucas Vernet, 2022. "India at the global forefront in digital payments [L’Inde à la pointe des paiements numériques]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 241.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2022:241:03
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Derryl D'Silva & Zuzana Filkova & Frank Packer & Siddharth Tiwari, 2019. "The design of digital financial infrastructure: lessons from India," BIS Papers, Bank for International Settlements, number 106.
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